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AP U.S. Government
Chapter 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Judicial Review | Power of the courts to review acts of other branches and states |
| Judiciary Act of 1784 | Established the basic three tiered structure of the Federal Court system |
| Marbury V. Madison | Case in which the Supreme Court established judicial review |
| Trial Court | Court of original jurisdiction where cases begin |
| Apellate Court | Court that reviews only findings of law made by a lower court |
| Jurisdiction | Authority vested in a particular court to hear and decide the issue in any particular case |
| Original Jurisdiction | The jurisdiction of courts that hear a case first, usually in a trial. Detrmine the facts of the case |
| Apellate Jurisdiction | Power vested in particular courts to review and/or revise the decision of a lower court |
| Criminal Law | Codes of behavior related to the protection of property and individuals |
| Civil Law | Codes of behavior related to business and contracural relationships between groups and individuals |
| Constitutional Courts | Federal courts specifically created by the constitution or by congress pursuant to its authority in Article 3 |
| Legislative Courts | Courts established by congress for specialized purposes |
| Brief | A document containing legal written arguments in a case field with a court by a party prior to a hearing or trial |
| Precedent | A prior judicial decision that serves as a rule for setting subsequent cases of a similar nature |
| Stare Decisis | In court rulings, a reliance on past decisions or procedures to formulate decisions in new cases |
| Senatorial Courtesy | Process by which presidents generally defer selection of district court judges to the choice of senators of their own party who represent the state where the vacancy occurs |
| Writ Of Certiorari | A request for the Court to order up the records from a lower court to review the case |
| Rule of Four | At least four justices of the Supreme Court must vote to consider a case before it can be heard |
| Amicus Curiae | "Friend of the court";amici may file briefs or even appearto argue their interests orally before the court |
| Judicial Restraint | A philosophy of judicial decision making that argues courts should allow the decisions of other branches of government to stand, even when they offend a judge's own sense of principles |
| Judicial Activism | A philosophy of judicial decision making that argues judges should use their power broadly to further justice, especially in the areas of equality and personal liberty |
| Strict Constuctionist | An approach to constitutional interpretation that emphasizes the Framers' original intentions |
| Judicial Implementation | How and whether judicial decisions are translated into actual public policies affecting more than the immediate parties to a lawsuit |
Created by:
khelmick
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