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Heredity & Genetics
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is Heredity? | the process through which traits are passed from parents to offspring |
What does DNA stand for? | Deoxyribonucleic Acid |
What is DNA? | molecule found in the nucleus of a cell and is shaped like a double helix |
What are Chromosones? | rod-shaped structures that form from DNA |
What is a Gene? | short segment of DNa that determines a trait of an organism |
What are Nucleotides? | basic units of DNA |
What is a Trait? | a charcteristic |
What is Genetics? | the study of heredity |
What is a Purebread? | always produces offspring that have the same trait |
Who is Gregor Mendel? | the founder of genetics |
What are Alleles? | the different forms of gene |
What does Dominent mean? | always shows up in an organism even when the other allele is present |
What does Recessive mean? | hidden whenever the dominant allele is present |
What is a Hybrid? | has two different alleles for a trait |
What represents a Donominant Allele? | a capital letter |
What respresents a Recessive Allele? | a lowercase letter |
What is Probability? | a number that tells how likelu it is that something will happen |
What is a Punnett Square? | a chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can occur in a genetic cross |
How do Genetics use Punnett Squares? | to predict the results of a cross |
What is a Pheneotype? | the way an organism looks |
What is a Genotype? | the genetic makeup or combination of alleles in an organism |
What is Homozygous? | an organism that has two of the same alleles for a trait (purebread) |
What is Heterozygous? | an organism with two different alleles for a trait (hybrid) |
What is Codominance? | when the alleles are neither dominant nor recessive |
What are Inherited Traits? | traits that are passed down by parents to offspring |
What determines traits? | Genes |
Where are Genes located? | on chromosones |