Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bio chapter 6/7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| autotrophs (producers) | organisms that make their own food |
| heterotrophs (consumers) | have to find a food source elsewhere |
| Biochemical Pathways | Reactions that occur in a series of steps. Energy generated by one step of the reaction is stored and used to power later steps. In most cases, the energy is stored in ATP. |
| ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) | Consists of: Adenine- a nitrogen containing compound, Ribose sugar, 3 phosphate groups (PO4). A-P~P~P |
| ATPase | In order for ATP to be used as an energy source, the last phosphate group must be broken off using this enzyme (ATP-ADP cycle 1st step) |
| ATP Synthase | The energy released is used to perform any function (such as the sodium-potassium pump) and some of the released is used to "re-glue" the P back on to the ADP to recycle it back to ATP - used by this enzyme (ATP-ADP cycle 3rd step) |
| Phosphorylation | The recycling of ATP from ADP + P |
| ATP - ADP cycle | 1) with ATPase, 2) Releases energy and degrades the ATP into ADP + P (adenosine diphosphate + low energy phosphate) 3) the ATP synthase 4) the Phosphorylation |
| Photosynthesis | Form : Sunlight + 6 CO2 + 6H2O -> CHO + 6O2 The 2 major steps are light reactions and light independent, Dark reactions or the Calvin cycle. |
| chlorophylls | In the CHLOROPLAST, photosynthetic pigments, green color, located in thylakoids |
| chloroplast | Light reactions take place in these |
| granum | stack of thylakoids |
| Light reaction process | Chlorophyll electrons dissolve by sunlight. The energized electrons link a P onto ADP to recyle ATP, the electrons split H2O. The hydrogen gets attached to NADP to form NADPH- which is a chemical that will power later things, the O2 exits through stomata |
| stroma | the cytoplasmic-like region of the chloroplast |
| Dark reactions (Calvin Cycle) | Can occur day or night, they are powerd by the products of light reactions- ATP and NADPH, dark reactions occur in the stroma |
| Dark reaction process | CO2 enters the plant through the stomata & combines with anohter chemical compound. Then the the energy of ATP & NADPH is used to change into glucose. One the ATP is used, it lowerss into ADP + P. The NADPH lowers to NADP- both recycled in light reactions |
| Cellular Respiration | Process where the enefgy of glucose is converted into usable enegy- ATP |
| Glycolysis | first step of respiration which occurs in the cytoplasm |
| Cellular Respiration Process | 1) Glycolysis 2) During glycolysis, the fuel (glucose) is broken down into 2 molecules of Pyruvic Acid. Only a few bonds of glucose are broken, so only 2 ATP’s are produced as a net gain. |
| 2 major types of respiration | 1) Type of beastie (plant, animal, yeast, etc...). 2) Whether or not Oxygen (O2) is used |
| Aerobic | Burn glucose in in the presence of O2 (oxygen present) |
| Anaerobic | Burn glucose in the absense of O2 (oxygen not present |
| Aerobic Phase | if the beastie is plant or animal and 02 is present. 1) Krebs cycle 2.) Electron transport change. During the aerobic phase, the fuel (2 pyruvic acid molecules left over from glycolysis) are completely “blown apart” into CO2 and H2O. Net gain: 36 ATPs |
| Anaerobic Lactic Acid Fermentation | If the beastie is an animal or microorganism (bacteria) and O2 is NOT present. Occurs in cytoplasm. The pyruvic acid from glycolysis is broken down into Lactic Acid – makes muscles sore – no ATP gain |
| Anaerobic Alcoholic Fermentation | If the beastie is a yeast and O2 is NOT present. The pyruvic acid from glycolysis is broken down into CO2 and ethyl alcohol |
Created by:
Ouran46
Popular Biology sets