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JPGrammar Structures
Grammar Structures/Expression
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Can I / May I....? Asking permission | 〜てもいいですか。 |
You are not allowed to... / You can't... Prohibition | 〜てはいけません。 〜てはだめです。 |
You may / You can.... Giving Permission | 〜てもいいです。 |
You must / You have to... Obligation | 〜なくてはいけません/〜なくてはなりません。 |
I must / I have to.... Obligation | 〜なければなりません。 |
Let's.... Volitional | 〜ましょう/よう・おう・ろう... |
You should / It's better if you... Giving advice / Making a suggestion | 〜たほうがいいです。 |
Please + verb... Giving an instruction politely. | 〜てください。 |
Please don't + verb.... Instructing not to do something politely. | 〜ないでください。 |
Want to... | 〜たい verb stem + たい |
Don't want to | 〜たくない verb stem + たくない |
Shall we...? Shall I...? Making a suggestion to do something together, or offer to something for someone | 〜ましょうか/〜ようか |
Would you like to .... with me? Inviting someone to do something with you. | 〜ませんか。 |
I plan on .... / I intend to.... Expressing intentions | Verb plain + つもりです。 |
Before doing something,... | Verb plain + 前に〜 |
After doing something.... | 〜た後で〜 / 〜てから |
Consecutive actions - drinking tea while reading a book | Verb stem + ながら〜 |
Expressing a command (strong) | Verb stem + なさい |