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Biology Exam I
exam
The majority of chemical digestion occurs as a result of the secretions made by the: | pancreas. |
In the large intestine: | water is absorbed, returning it to the blood. |
The following pairs link a human gland with the hormone(s) it secretes. Which paring is in correct? | adrenal cortex: adrenaline |
Which of the following cell types is not matched with an appropriate function? | Osteoclasts: build bone matrix. |
Which of the following statements is false about cortisol (an example of a glucocorticoid)? | It is released from the adrenal medulla. |
Why are the bacteria that normally grow on your skin and in your gut important for your health? | They take up space and consume nutrients that might otherwise be used by disease-causing bacteria. |
Which item associated with muscle is not matched properly? | Acetylcholine (Ach): acts as the neuromuscular junction to cause release of ATP. |
Which of the following accessory structures of the skin is not matched properly? | Sebaceous glands: produce sebum which causes acne. |
The cells in your stomach lining that secrete mucus are most likely made of: | Simple cuboidal cells. |
Bisphenol A has been shown to mimic the hormone estrogen. What effects on animals would you predict from exposure to this chemical? | Increase of female sexual characteristics in males. |
Your daily patterned behaviors (including sleep) are regulated by the hormone ____________ which is secreted _______________. | melatonin; at night. |
Which of these is not true regarding endocrine disrupters? | They only have short term reversible effects; no long term effects have been observed. |
In terms of UV skin damage and skin cancer, which statement is false? | Tanning beds are much safer at preventing skin damage because they use UVA. |
Which hormone is improperly matched? | Calcitrol: decreases calcium levels in the blood. |
Which of these digestive disorders is not matched correctly? | Gallstones - fiber gets too concentrated and crystallizes. |
While running a marathon, the most likely source of energy is ___________ and the most active muscles would be relying on ______________ muscle cells. | Aerobic respiration; slow oxidative. |
Which statement is correct concerning hyperglycemia? | All of the above. It can be a symptom of diabetes. It could be induced by a lack of insulin production. It could be induced by excessive glucagon production. It could be the result of malfunctioning insulin receptors. |
Your aunt has just been diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Of the following structures listed, which one could not be a factor in her hypothyroidism? | Posterior pituitary. |
A person is on medication to increase the pH of their stomach. A side effect is that the increased pH causes the normal stomach enzymes to be unable to function. Which component of this person's diet may not be completely digested? | Carbohydrates. |
Protein digestion begins in the ___________; carbohydrates digestion begins in the ___________ and lipid digestion begins in the _______________. | Oral cavity, stomach, small intestine. |
How is fatty acid absorption different from the absorption of other nutrients? | They diffuse into lymph vessels; other nutrients diffuse into blood vessels. |
Your aunt has suffered a "slipped disc" in her back. The type of tissue causing the disc problem is: | Fibrocartilage. |
Most of the testosterone made by a male is secreted from the testes. However, women also produce testosterone although they obviously don't have testes! What endocrine gland secretes testosterone (or its precursor) in women? | Adrenal cortex. |
Which of these individuals would be unlikely to continue growing (having their bones lengthen)? | Someone with sealed epiphyseal plates. |
Which disorder of the integumentary system is not matched with an appropriate feature of that disorder? | Warts: a bacterial infection that causes overgrowth of epidermal cells. |
Which of the following would help you identify an unknown cell type as connective? | The presence of collagen fibers. |
Blood samples from an individual who has just eaten a meal should show: | High levels of insulin and low levels of glucagon. |
Which of the following is not a typical step of repair for bone injuries? | All of these are typical steps for bone repair. Development of a cartilage callus. Inflammation. Formation of granulation tissue. Formation of a blood clot. |
Taking aspirin or any NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) influences the activity of: | Prostaglandins. |
Which of these disorders is properly matched with a key feature of the disorder? | Osteomyelitis: an infection of bone caused by Staphylococcus aureus which can survive inside bone cells. |
John is using Weight Watchers to assist in weight loss. The type of tissue John is eager to lose is: | Adipose. |
Stem cells and melanocytes are found in the ________________ layer of the skin. | Epidermis. |
After a serious tissue injury, scar tissue is formed. Which statement is false concerning scar tissue? | It lacks blood vessels and heals slowly. |
Why is malignant melanoma so dangerous? | Because it can metastasize quickly. |