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APES- Risk
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Risk | The probability that something completely undesirable will result from a deliberate or accidental exposure to something considered hazardous. |
| Probability | A mathematical statement about how likely it is that something will occur. |
| Risk Assessment | Process of gathering data and making own assumptions to estimate the short-and-long term effects on human health or the environment from exposure to hazardous materials and wastes, usually stemming from a particular form of human activity or technology. |
| Risk Management | Using risk-assessment process and other known information in order to determine the options and make decisions about reducing and or eliminating risks. |
| Toxicity | A measurement of how harmful something is. |
| Dose | The amount of a harmful substance an individual is exposed to. |
| Bioaccumulation | A gradual increase in the concentration of particular chemicals in an organism's organs or tissues being at a higher level than expected. |
| Biomagnification | Increase in the concentration of DDT, PCB's, and other slowly degradable, fat-soluble chemicals in organisms at successively higher tropic levels of a food chain or web. |
| Response | Amount of damage caused to an individual's health, from the exposure of a certain dose of a harmful substance or radiation. |
| Poison | Chemical that kills over 50% of its intended target; used to manage pest populations. |
| LD50 | Amount of a toxic material per unit of body weight of the test animals that kills half the test population in a certain amount of time- similar to Median Lethal Dose, as both are used in same context. |
| Median Lethal Dose | Amount of toxic material per unit of body weight of the test animals that kills half the test population in a certain amount of time. |
| Toxic Chemicals | Chemicals which are fatal to organisms in low doses/fatal to more than 50% to test animals at concentrations. Most are Neurotoxins, etc. |
| Hazardous Chemicals | Chemicals that can cause harm because they are either flammable or explosive, an irritant to the lungs or skin, strongly acidic or alkaline, or can cause dangerous allergic reactions to a person's immune system. |
| Mutagens | Chemicals that can cause inheritable changes or mutations in the DNA strands in the genes found in chromosomes or organisms. |
| Teratogens | A chemical, ionizing agent, or virus that is dangerous to human health and commonly causes birth defects. |
| Carcinogens | Chemicals, ionizing agents, or viruses that promote the development of cancer. |
| Metastasis | The spread of malignant cancerous cells from the tumor to other parts of the body. |
| Precautionary Principle | When there is scientific uncertainty about potentially serious harm from chemicals or technologies, decision makers should act to prevent harm to humans/environment. |
| Risk Analysis | Process of identifying hazards, evaluating the nature and severity of particular risks, using this and other forms of date to determine options and make decisions on reducing present risks. |
Created by:
cbranham12
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