Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
ch 21 Assess Resp Fx
ASSESS RESP FXN
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| APNEA | TEMP CESSATION OF BREATHING |
| BRONCHOSCOPY | DIRECT EXAM OF LARYNX, TRACHEA, AND BRONCHI, USING ENDOSCOPE |
| BRONCHOPHONY | abnormal increase in clarity of transmitted voice sounds |
| COMPLIANCE | measure of the force req'd to expand or inflate lungs |
| DIFFUSION | exchange of gas molecules from high to low concentration |
| EGOPHONY | abnormal change in tone of voice on auscultation |
| FREMITUS | vibrations of speech felt as tremors of chest wall on palpation |
| HEMOPTYSIS | expectoration of blood from resp tract |
| HYPOXEMIA | DECREASE in arterial O2 tension IN THE BLOOD |
| HYPOXIA | DECREASED O2 supply to the TISSUES & CELLS |
| OXYGEN SATURATION / O2 SAT | % hemoglobin bound to O2 |
| PULMONARY PERFUSION | blood flow through the pulmonary vasculature |
| RESPIRATION | gas exchange between: air-blood blood-cells |
| RHONCHI | low pitched, wheezing or snoring sound on auscultation. Associated with partial airway obstruction |
| STRIDOR | harsh high pitched sound on INSPIRATION, secondary to UPPER AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. Usually heard w/out steth. |
| TIDAL VOLUME (VT OR TV) | normal breathing, volume inspired-expired w. each breath |
| VENTILATION | mvmt of air through airways |
| AGE RELATED RESPIRATORY CHANGES | reduced alveolar surface area ...loss of alveolar elasticity...reduced tidal flow & vital capacity...= reduced O2-CO2 exchange / DECREASED O2 DIFFUSION |
| MAJOR S/S OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE | Dyspnea, cough, sputum, chest pain, wheezing, hemoptysis (expectorated resp. blood) |
| ARDS | ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME |
| S/S ARDS | tachynea, dyspnea, progressive hypoxemia, following lung trauma, shock, bypass, multiple blood transfusions... |
| COPD | dyspnea with expiratory wheezing |
| WHAT CONDITIONS predispose / often show ORTHOPNEA? | orthopnea may be found in pts. w/ heart disease and occassionally in COPD (p.495) |
| The presence of both inspiratory and expiratory wheezing usually signifies.... | ...Asthma (if the patient does not have heart failure) (p496) |
| profuse amount of purulent sputum (thick, yellow - green - or rust colored)or a change in sputum color is s/s of..... | Respiratory Bacterial Infection |
| Thin mucoid sputum results from... | viral bronchitis |
| pink tinged mucus suggests... | lung tumor |
| profuse, frothy, pink mucus, often welling up in throat may indicate... | pulmonary edema |
| foul smelling sputum and bad breath indicate | lung abscess, bronchiectasis, or anaerobic infection |
| RISK FACTORS FOR RESPIRATORY DISEASE | SMOKING!!! 2ND HAND SMOKE EXPOSURE, GENETICS, ALLERGENS, RECREATIONAL-OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS |
| GENETIC INFLUENCES OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE.. | ASTHMA, COPD, CYSTIC FIBROSIS, Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency |
| CLUBBING OF FINGERS... | S/S of lung disease. Pts with chronic hypoxic conditions: chronic lung infections, malegnancies. Initially sponginess of nail bed & gradual loss of nail bed angle |
| CYANOSIS | bluish coloring of skin, LATE S/S of hyoxia |
| PERIPHERAL CYANOSIS.. | results from decreased blood flow to periphery / vasoconstriction / cold exposure / MAY/MAY NOT indicate systemic issue |
| BARREL CHEST.. | results from over inflation... EMPHYSEMA |
| FUNNEL CHEST.. | depression lower portion of sternum..may compress heart&great vessels..may result in murmurs.. RICKETS OR MARFAN'S SYNDROME |
| PIGEON CHEST.. | results from sternum displacement..RICKETS, MARFAN'S SYNDROME, SEVERE KYPHOSCOLIOSIS |
| KYPHOSCOLIOSIS / KYPHOSIS.. | elevation of scapula & s shaped spine..limits lung expansion.. OSTEOPOROSIS, other skeletal disorders |
| ATELECTASIS | when airflow is decreased by bronchial obstruction |
| RISK FACTORS FOR HYPOVENTILATION: | limited neurological impulses (brain), depressed respiratory center - medullary (anesthesia, drug OD), limited thoracic/lung mvmt or reduced lung function |
| Arterial O2 (PaO2) & Arterial CO2 (PaCO2 indicate.... | ALVEOLAR VENTILATION ADEQUACY |
| ABG | arterial blood gas: assess LUNG O2/CO2 fxn .. assess KIDNEY ability to reabsorb/excrete bicarbonate (maintains normal pH) |
| SpO2 | pulse ox: continuous monitoring O2 sat of hemoglobin Assess:SUDDEN OR SUBTLE CHANGES Normal = 95-100% |
| SpO2 < 85% (95% ??) = | tissues not receiving enough O2 FURTHER ASSESSMENT NEEDED IMMEDIATELY! |
| Respiratory Dx Tests = | pulmonary fxn tests (PFT's) ABG (PaO2/PaCO2) Pulse Ox (SpO2) Throat/Nasal cultures Sputum Studies Imaging (x-ray, CT, MRI, PET,) Endoscopy / Biopsy |
Created by:
rtcdavis
Popular Nursing sets