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chapter 5

vocab

QuestionAnswer
diffusion the random movement of molecules to create equilibrium between two environments separated by a membrane
Equilibrium concentration of molecules is equal on both sides of the membrane
passive transport movement of molecules across the cell membrane without using energy.
osmosis movement of water across a membrane to create equilibrium
facilitated diffusion movement of molecules to a lower concentration gradient with carrier proteins
concentration gradient difference of concentration of molecules across a space
carrier protiens protein that transports specific substances through a biological membrane. passive and active transport.
ion channel membrane protein that provides a passage for ions through a membrane
hypotonic outside concentration lower than inside concentration
hypertonic higher concentration outside the membrane than inside it
isotonic equilibrium
turgor pressure pressure exerted by water molecules on a cell wall
plasmolysis cell membranes shrink away from cell walls when turgor pressure is lost
cytolysis bursting of cells in a hypotonic environment
Active transport movement of molecules across the cell membrane that requires the use of energy. against concentration gradient
endocytosis cell membrane bulges inward and pinches off engulfing large particles and other cells.
exocytosis the joining of a vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents into the outside environment
vesicle membrane bound sac in eukaryotic cells that is formed in endosytosis
pinocytosis endocytosis engulfing liquid
phagocytosis endocytosis engulfing large particles or other cells
Created by: LHannah21
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