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Geology 101 UND

Ch. 1

QuestionAnswer
asthenosphere a subdivision of the mantle below the lithosphere. weak material, 100-700Km deep, rock is easily deformed
continental shelf gently sloping submerged portion of continental margin extending from shoreline to continental slope
deep-sea trench narrow elongated depression of seafloor
hypothesis tentative explanation that is then tested to see if valid
igneous rock rock formed by crystallization of magma
inner core solid innermost layer of earth
lithosphere rigid outermost layer of earth includes crust and upper mantle
magma body of molten rock found at depth including any undissolved gases and crystals
mantle one of earth's compositional layers solid rocky shell extends from base of crust to 2900Km depth
metamorphic rock rock formed by the alteration of preexisting rock by heat pressure and chemically active fluids
mid-ocean ridge continuous mountain ridge on ocean floor rifts at crests of ridges represent divergent plate boundaries
nebular hypothesis model for origin of solar system supposes a rotating nebula of dust and gases that contracted to form sun and planets
oceanic ridge see mid ocean ridge
outer core layer beneath mantle 2270 Km thick has properties of a liquid
relative dating rocks are placed in proper sequence or order only chronological order is determined (not exact age)
sediment unconsolidated particles created by weathering and erosion of rock by chemical pppt from soln in water or from organisms transported by water wind or glaciers
sedimentary rock rock formed by weathered products of preexisting rocks that have been transported deposited or lithified
shield large relatively flat expanse of ancient igneous and metamorphic rocks within craton
theory well tested widely accepted view of observable facts
uniformitarianism concept that the processes that shape earth in geologic past are the same operating today
weathering disintegration decomposition of rock at or near the surface of earth
Created by: mackenzie.olson
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