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Respiratory Terms
Respiratory Terms and Definitions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sporadic, irregular breaths that are usually seen just before respiratory arrest. | agonal respiration |
| Active process in which the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm contract, expanding the size of the chest cavity and causing air to flow into the lungs; also called inhalation | inspiration |
| Blockage of the bronchi that lead from the trachea to the lungs. | bronchoconstriction |
| Pulling in of the accessory muscles to breathe. | retractions |
| Passive process in which the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm relax, causing the chest cavity to decrease in size and forcing air from the lungs; also called exhalation. | expiration |
| The structure that divides the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity is the | diaphragm muscle |
| When you check for presence of breath sounds, chest expansion, and depth of respirations you are determining the | quality of breathing |
| An unresponsive patient with shallow, gasping breaths with only a few breaths per minute requires | immediate artificial ventilation with supplemental oxygen |
| These muscles in the neck and abdomen sometimes assist in breathing. | accessory muscles |
| Since oxygenation of the body's tissue is reduced in a patient with inadequate breathing, their skin may be | blue, clammy, and cool |
| An unresponsive adult making this type of sound may have a serious airway problem and be in need of immediate intervention. | snoring or gurgling sounds |
| The leading killer of infants and children is | respiratory infections |
| Ways that a child's airway is different from an adult's airway include: | structures are smaller and more easily obstructed, tongues are proportionately larger, the trachea is softer and more flexible |
| Infants and children depend more on the diaphragm for breathing because | their chest wall is softer. |
| Three signs of inadequate breathing in infants and children include: | nasal flaring, grunting, seesaw breathing |
| Most important to observe related to a patient's breathing: | presence and adequacy of breathing |
| Best method for providing artificial ventilation | pocket face mask without supplemental oxygen |
| If you are unsure that a patient require artificial ventilation, you should | provide artificial ventilation |
| Adequate rate of artificial ventilations for a non-breathing adult patient is | 10-12 breaths per minute |
| Adequate rate of artificial ventilations for a non-breathing infant patient | 12-20 breaths per minutes |
| You are artificially ventilating an adult patient in respiratory arrest. The chest does NOT rise and fall with each ventilation. The first action to take is to | increase the force of the ventilations |
| When working with an infant or child, it is important to distinguish between an upper airway problem and a lower airway problem because | suctioning can cause spasms with some lower respiratory diseases |
| Signs of a lower airway problem include: | wheezing, increased breathing when exhaling, rapid breathing without stridor |
| If your patient is only able to speak in short, choppy sentences, he may be | experiencing breathing difficulty |
| This position (used for patients in respiratory distress) means the patient is leaning forward with his hands resting on his knees | tripod position |
| These signs are commonly associated with breathing difficulties: | crowing/restlessness, retractions/shortness of breath, increased pulse/tightness in chest |
| If a patient is suffering from breathing difficulty and is breathing adequately, oxygen should be adminstered through a | nonrebreather mask |
| If a patient is suffering from breathing difficulty and is breathing adequately, they should be placed in this position. | sitting up |
| Before coaching a patient in the use of an inhaler, the EMT should | shake the inhaler rigorously |
| To ensure that the most medication is absorbed when using an inhaler, encourage the patient to | hold the breath as long as possible. |
| The best way to document a patient's respiratory complaint is to | have the patient describe the complaint in their own words. |
| For a patient with anxiety, the physician may prescribe this to improve the volume of medication that the patient is able to self-administer when in distress. | spacer device |
| These inhalers are types of medication that would be used in an emergency to reverse airway constriction. | Ventolin, Proventil, Albuterol |
| When assessing the lungs of a patient in respiratory distress you hear a fine bubbling sound upon inspiration. This sound is caused by fluid in the alveoli and is called | crackles |
| A device commonly used in hospitals which is now used by COPD patients in their home is called a | small-volume nebulizer |
| oximeter reading for a normal healthy person | 95%-99% |
| oximeter reading below 95% | hypoxic |
| oximeter reading between 94% and 91% | mild hypoxia |
| oximeter reading between 86% and 90% | moderate hypoxia |
| oximeter reading below 85% | sever hypoxia |
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UBEMT
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