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Ch.4 The Cell

QuestionAnswer
Von Leeuwenhoek develops microscope and observes the first living cells
Schleiden concludes that all plants are composed of cells
Schwann concluded that all animals are made of cells
Virchow cells come from other cells
Cell Theory 1 all living things are composed of cells
Cell Theory 2 cells are the basic units of structure and function
Cell Theory 3 cells arise from pre-existing cells
Ribosomes produces proteins
Mitochondria produces ENERGY from glucose stored as ATP for use in cells
Centriole organelle; helps with division, found in pairs,
Golgi complex (apparatus) packages and transports substances from ER to the cell membrane here package (Vesicles) leaves the cell
Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes to breakdown food , wastes, old cells
Vacuole stores water in plants so that they don't wilt, stores waste
Cell membrane made up of a phospholipid bilayer, controls what goes in an out of the cell
Nucleolus makes ribosomes in nucleus
Nucleus "brain of cell", made up of DNA
Nuclear membrane (envelope) double membrane surrounding the nucleus
Cell wall FOUND ONLY IN PLANTS, made up of cellulose, provides support and protection, and rigid bc of cellulose
Chloroplast FOUND ONLY IN PLANTS, where photosynthesis occurs full of green pigment called chlorophyll, reflects green light
Eukaryotic Cells plante, animalia, fungi, protista
Prokaryotic Cells archebacteria, eubacteria
Cytoplasm the jelly-like part of the cell that is always moving, surrounds organelles, mostly water
Plant Cell autotrophic
Robert Hooke observes dead cork cell and describes them as "little boxes," saw the individual units
animal cell not as rigid as plants because they don't have a cell wall, centrioles used in cell division, lysosomes used for waste, vacuoles: small
organism highest level of organization
What is the plasma membrane made of? mostly lipid, some protein, bilayer with proteins extending through it
plant cell autotrophic, photosynthesis, rigid cell wall, protects cell, one large vacuole
Chromosomes standard material containing DNA in the nucleus, during cell division they are tightly coiled and visible
Multicellular organization cells, tissues, organs, systems, organism
cilia short extensions that are usually present in large numbers; assist in movement
flagella long extensions that are usually present in small numbers (sometimes just one); assist in movement
cytoskeleton a network of thin tubes and filaments that crisscross the cytosol; determines organelles and cellular movements; CELL SHAPE
prokaryote unicellular; no nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles
eukaryote an organism made up of cells enclosed by a membrane
ER-Endoplasmic Reticulum transport system of cell passageways
smooth ER NO RIBOSOMES produces lipids, filters toxins in liver regulates calcium in muscles
rough ER Contains RIBOSOMES for protein systhesis
Vesicles packages leave from Golgi body for transport to plasma membrane
differences between plants and animals Animal cells contain centrioles for cell division.Plant cells have a cell wall for protection and support made of cellulose. Plant cells have chloroplasts for absorption of sunlight to carry out photosynthesis. Vacuoles Large in plantsl;Small in animals
Created by: RisaS
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