Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Nutrition - E2 - P1
Nutrition - Exam 2 - Part 1 - Carbohydrates
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 2 simple carbohydrates? | Monosaccharides, Disaccharides |
| What are complex carbohydrates also known as? | Polysaccharides |
| What are the 3 complex carbohydrates (or polysaccharides)? | glycogen, starches, fiber |
| What are the 3 monosaccharides? | glucose, fructose, galactose |
| What monosaccharide is commonly known as blood sugar? | glucose |
| What monosaccharide is an essential energy source for the body? | glucose |
| What monosaccharide is the sweetest of all sugars? | fructose |
| What monosaccharide occurs in fruits and honey? | fructose |
| What monosaccharide rarely occurs as a single sugar? | galactose |
| Glucose, fructose and galactose all have what molecular formula? | C6H12O6 |
| ______ is the linking of two monosaccharides together which creates h2o. | condensation |
| ______ is the splitting of molecules using water. | hydrolysis |
| glucose + glucose = _________ | maltose |
| glucose + fructose = __________ | sucrose |
| glucose + galactose = __________ | lactose |
| What are 3 disaccharides? | maltose, sucrose, lactose |
| What disaccharide is a minor constituent of barley? | maltose |
| What disaccharide gives natural sweetness to fruits, veggies and grains and is commonly known as table sugar? | sucrose |
| What disaccharide is milk sugar? | lactose |
| What is the storage form of glucose in the body? | glycogen |
| What is the storage form of glucose in plants? | starches |
| What is the structural parts of plants found in veggies, fruits, grains, legumes? | fiber |
| In what type of complex carbohydrates can bonds not be broken and is not digestible by human enzymes? | fibers |
| Whole legumes, raw potatoes, and unripe bananas have fibers known as what? | resistant starches |
| Glycogen is made and stored in the ______ and ______. | liver, muscles |
| ______ fibers dissolve in water. | soluble |
| ______ fibers are viscous (form gels). | soluble |
| ______ fibers are fermentable (digested by bacteria in the colon) | soluble |
| _______ fibers are found in legumes and fruits and lower cholesterol and blood glucose. | soluble |
| ______ fibers do not dissolve in water. | insoluble |
| ______ fibers are nonviscous (do not form gel) | insoluble |
| ______ fibers are found in grains and veggies, promote satiety, and promote bowel movements and prevent constipation. | insoluble |
| The ultimate goal of digestion and absorption of sugars and starches is to break them into molecules of ______. | glucose |
| ______ is the main energy source for the brain. | glucose |
| In the mouth, ______ hydrolyzes starch to shorter polysaccharides and maltose. | salivary amylase |
| ______ delay gastric emptying. | fibers |
| The primary site of carbohydrate, fat, and protein digestion is the ________. | small intestine |
| _______ breaks down polysaccharides into shorter glucose chains and disaccharides. | pancreatic amylase |
| How long can our glycogen stores last? | 24 hours |
| The making of glucose from a new source (Protein) which breaks down our own lean muscle mass is known as _________. making glucose from a new source (Protein) Break down our own lean muscle mass. | Gluconeogenesis |
| Supplying your body with adequate carbs to prevent gluconeogenesis is known as the _________. | Protein-sparing action of carbohydrates |
| Making ketone bodies from fat fragments as an alternative fuel to glucose is known as ________. | ketosis |
| After we meet our energy needs and fill our glycogen stores, extra glucose is put back together and stored as _______. | fat |
| Low blood sugar/glucose accompanied by dizziness, sweating and shaking is known as _________. | Hypoglycemia |
| High blood sugar/glucose accompanied by excessive urination, thirst, hunger is known as ________. | hyperglycemia |
| Normal blood glucose level is _______. | 70-110 mg/dL |
| _______ transports glucose from the bloodstream into the cells. | insulin |
| _______ releases glucose from the liver in response to low blood sugar. | glucagon |
| “fight or flight” hormone | epinephrine |
| The _______ produces insulin and glucagon. | pancreas |
| What are the health effects of high sugar diets? | nutrient deficiencies, dental carries |
| % of kcals that should come from carbohydrates | 45-65% |
Created by:
K1N1V
Popular Science sets