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HeartV

QuestionAnswer
What are arteries? Large vessels that move away and carry oxygenated blood
What is vasoconstriction? Smaller, increase BP
What is vasodilation? Larger decrease BP
What are arterioles? More narrow versions of arteries
What are capillaries? Very narrow vessels
What are capillary beds? Where exchange occurs, blood is deoxygenated, drop off 02 pick up c02
What are venules? More narrow versions of veins
What are veins? large vessels that move towards the heart, "against gravity", carry deoxygenated blood
Why are valves needed on veins? To prevent back flow
What is myocardium? Muscular part of the heart. Cardiac muscle
What is Endocardium? Lining of heart chambers
What is pericardium? Outer sac surround the heart is fluid filled and provides protection
Why doesnt blood mix between the right and left sides of the heart? Septum provides seperation and prevents blood from mixing.
What is the difference between the atria and ventricles? Atria-top chambers Ventricle-bottom chambers
What is the job of the right side of the heart? Pump blood to the lungs
What is the job of the left side of the heart? Pump blood to the body
What is the coronary circulation? Vessels on the surface of the heart that serve the myocardium...blockages are a big problem
Why are valves needed in the heart? They make sure there is no backflow
What are the AV valves? Right-tricuspid Left- mitral
SL valves? Right-pulmonary Left- Aortic
What is the cardiac cycle? Events included in one round of heart contractions
How long does the cardiac cycle take? 1 sec
What is systole? Atria contract, ventricles contract
What is Diastole? REST PERIOD, chambers refill
What is the SA node? Cluster of cells in right atrium, electrical impulses that lead to contraction, normal siinus rhythm
How does the SA node work to control heart rate>? Send signals through atria, signal bounces off the AV node, passed through the Purkinje Fibers cause ventricles to contract
What factors influence the heart rate to increase? Increased o2 demands, changes in blood PH and exercise
How does and artificial pacemaker work? Take over the normal function of the SA node/
What do defibrillators do? provice jolt of electricity which allows normal sinus rhythm to return
What is an elctrocardiogram? measures the electronegativity of the heart
What are the ways to alter BP? Changing blood volume by using hormones from kidneys...ADH, ANP, Aldosterone Altering vessel diameter
What does systolic pressure mean? Top number, pressure on the arteries
What does diastolic pressure mean? Bottom #, Pressure on arteries @ rest
What defines hypertension? High blood, pre, stage 1 and stage 2
What defines hypotension? Low blood, systolic less than 90 diastolic less than 60
Created by: britchwo
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