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Genetics of Bacteria

QuestionAnswer
bacterial chromosome circular, double stranded DNA
Nucleoid tightly condensed DNA, no nuclear membrane
theta replication process by which bacteria replicate in both directions from a singel point of origin
binary fission asexual reproduction, results in a population with identical genes
transformation provides a mechanisim for recombination of genetic information in bacteria. Small pieces of DNA taken in by living bacteria
plasmid small, circular, self-replicating DNA molecule that inhabits a bacteriaum
F plasmid fertility plasmid, contains genes for production of pili
pili cytoplasmic bridges that connect adajenct cells for conjugation(form of asexual reproduction)
R plasmid plasmid that allows cells to be resistant to specific antibiotics, may be transferred by conjugation,
Operon model of gene regulation, set of genes, operator + promoter
Lac Operon (inducible) switched off until induced
Tryptophan Operon (repressible) always in the on position until not needed- switched off
Lac Operon used to transcribe 3 enzymes necessary for breakdown of lactose by bacteria
repressor prevents/blocks transcription by binding to operator in place of enzyme
noncompetitive inhibition 2 substances compeiting for sam active site, one blocks the other
Tryptophan Operon codes for enzymes to synthesize amino acid tryptophan
Created by: adcteacher
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