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ch. 26 bio
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| vertebrate | an animal that has a backbone |
| heterotroph | an animal that obtains food by eating other organisms or their byproducts |
| exoskeleton | a hard external supporting structure for the bodies of some animals |
| hydrostatic skeleton | a fluid filled cavity under pressure that gives support to soft bodied animals |
| invertebrate | an animal that does not have a backbone |
| endoskeleton | a hard, internal supporting structure made of bone and catilage |
| cleavage | in all animals except sponges the fertilized egg immediately beings to divide. it is the first series of cell divisions that occurs |
| blastula | further cell division result in the formation of a hollow ball of cells beings to fold into this |
| gastrulation | the hollow ball of cells begins to fold in to form a cup shape this is the process of that |
| protostomes | the cup of cells continue to divide. the open side of the 'cup' is called the blastopore. an animal whose mouth develops near the blastopore, such as snail, an earthworm, or an insect, is called this |
| deuterostomes | in animals, such as humans, the mouth develops from cells on the end opposite the blastopore these animals are called this |
| coelom | contains and protects the internal organs |
| false | an example of a deuterostome is an insect |
| true | an example of a protostome is an earthworm |
| true | an example of an animal with a coelom is a human |
| cleavage | the series of cell divisions that occur immediately after an egg is fertilized |
| heterotroph | an animal that obtains food by eating other organisms or their byproducts |
| hydrostatic skeleton | a cavity that is filled with water and that has a support function |
| coelom | a body cavity that contains the internal organs |
| exoskeleton | a hard, external, supporting structure that develops from the ectoderm |
| gastrulation | the formation of embryonic germ layers |
| gastrovasular cabity | a cavity that serves both digestive and circulatory purposes in some animals |
| amniotic egg | a type of egg that is produced by reptiles, birds, and some mammals that contains a large amount of yolk |
| deuterostome | an animal whose mouth does not derive from the blastopore |
| blastula | the stage of an embryo before gastrulation |
| cephalization | the concentration of nerve tissue and sensory organs at the anterior end of an organism |
| endoskeleton | an internal skeleton made of bone and cartilage |
| notochord | a stiff rod that develops along the back of an embryo |
| protostome | the embryonic blastopore develops into the mouth |
| therapsid | a member of the extinct order of mammal like reptiles that likely gave rise to mammals |
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