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Bio Exam Repro

For Bio Exam II

QuestionAnswer
What is Fission? A form of asexual reproduction where the parent organism splits into two genetically identical individuals of approximate equal size.
What is budding? A form of asexual reproduction where new individuals arrise from outgrowths of existing ones.
What is Fragmentation and regeneration? Another form of asexual reproduction where new organisms arise from a fragment of the original parent organism that had fallen off or been severed in some way
What is Parthenogenesis? A form of asexual reproduction in which an egg develops without being fertilized. Children can be either haploid or diploid.
Can haploid children (from parthenogenesis) produce sperm or eggs? Yes, however, they do not have to go through meiosis to do so.
Explain why sexual reproduction is considered an evolutionary enigma? There seems to be no actual advantage to sexual reproduction other than the fact that it provides more genetic variation, when asexual reproduction has many more advantages and less diasadvantages.
What is hermaphroditism? When an individual has both male and female reproductive organs. It is advantageous because any organism can reproduce with any organism because they have both parts.
Contrast internal and external Fetalization? External is more relevant to an aquatic habitat where internal is more useful for terrestrial organisms.
What is spawning? When individuals clustered in the same area release their gametes into the water at the same time.
What are pheromones and why are they important to reproduction? They are chemicals that are releasesd by one organism to influence others of the same species. Many function as mate attractants.
Why is parental care important in some species? Species that externally reproduce need to protect their zygotes so that they have a better survival rate and can go on to pass on their genes.
What is a spermathecae? Sacs where sperm can be stored for extended periods so that the female can release the gametes when conditions are more favorable for zygote success.
Created by: rw2010
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