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chapter 16 austin
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is gene pool? | Combined genetic information of all the members of a particular population. |
| What is relative frequency? | The number of times that the allele occurs in a gene pool. |
| What is single-gene trait? | Trait controlled by a single gene that has two alleles. |
| What is polygenic traits? | Traits controlled by two or more genes and has two or more alleles. |
| What is directional selection? | Form of natural selection in which a single curve splits into two; occurs when individuals at one end of a distribution curve have higher fitness than individuals in the middle or at the other end of the curve. |
| What is stabilizing selection? | Form of natural selection by which the center of the curve remains in its current position; occurs when individuals near the center of a distribution curve have higher fitness than individuals at either end. |
| What is disruptive selection? | Form of natural selection in which a single curve splits into two; occurs when individuals at the upper and lower ends of a distribution curve have higher fitness than incdividuals near the middle. |
| What is genetic drift? | Random change in allele frequencies that occurs in small populations. |
| What is founder effect? | Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population. |
| What does the Hardy-Weinberg principle state? | It states that allele frequencies in a population will remain constant unless one or more factor cause those frequencies to change. |
| What is genetic equilibrium? | Situation in which allele frequencies remain constant. |
| What is speciation? | Formation of new species. |
| What is reproductive isolation? | Separation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring. |
| What is behavioral isolation? | Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations have differences in courtship rituals or other types of behavior that prevent them from interbreeding. |
| What is geographic isolation? | Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations are separated physically by geographic barriers such as rivers, mountains, or stretches of water. |
| What is temporal isolation? | Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times. |
| Microevolution is? | Evolution on a small scale within a population. |
| Small-scale changes in allele frequencies brought about by? | Natural selection, Gene flow, and Genetic Drift |
| Estimated that each new zygota has about ____ chance of having a new mutation. | 10% |
| Three posible outcomes of selection: | A shift in the range of values for a given trait in some direction, STabilization of an existing range of values(less variation), and disruption of an existing range of values. |
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ausshe23
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