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Anatomy -Leuk & plat
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is polycethemia? | making of too many red blood cells |
| What is the problem with too many red blood cells? | the blood will be too thick |
| What is primary polycethemia? | cancer of the stem cell where it makes too many red blood cells |
| What was the old treatment for primary polycethemia? | leeches |
| What is the new treatment for primary polycethemia? | some blood is taken out through transfusion |
| What is secondary polycethemia? | it's temporary |
| How can secondary polycethemia be developed? | through lack of oxygen |
| What is blood doping? | when a person takes out a pint of blood so the body makes more red blood cells and then puts the pint back in to have a lot of oxygen |
| Why is blood doping dangerous? | the blood can get too thick and not be able to get through capillaries |
| What is hematocrit? | % of blood volume that is RBCs |
| Normal hematocrit? | 37 |
| What is the only true blood cell and why? | leukocytes because it is the only one with a nucleus |
| How do leukocytes function in body defense? (2) | phagocytosis and immune response |
| What will granular leukocytes look like? | leukocytes with little specks in it |
| What will agranular leukocytes look like? | leukocytes with no little specks |
| What are 3 granular leukocytes? | eosinophiles, basophiles, neutrophils |
| What are 2 agranular leukocytes? | monocytes and lymphocytes |
| What are eosinophiles? | white blood cells that increase in the presence of allergies and parasites |
| What are basophiles? | increases with allergies and inflammation |
| What are neutrophiles? | increase to attack bacteria |
| What are monocytes? | macrophages in the tissue and out of the blood stream, monocytes in the blood streams |
| What are lymphocytes? | function in the immune response |
| What are T cells? | lymphocytes that are engaged in cell to cell contact |
| What are B cells? | lymphocytes that deal with antibody production |
| how many white blood cells are there per 1 miliiter? | 4,000-10,000 |
| What is diapedesis? | the process where blood cells go out of the capillaries and into the surrounding enviornment |
| What is the order of number of cells in the blood | Neutrophiiles, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophiles, Basophiles |
| What is leukocytosis? | when the white blood cell count goes up during infection |
| What are the 2 stem cells for making white blood cells? | myeloid and lymphoid |
| What types of white blood cells come from myeloid stem cells? | eosinophiles, basophiles, neutrophiles, monocytes |
| What types of white blood cells come from lymphoid stem cells? | lymphocytes |
| the life span is what? | between hours and years |
| What is leukopenia? | not enough white blood cells |
| What is the biggest problem with leukopenia? | infection can occur easily |
| What is leukemia? | cancer of the stem cell |
| What is acute leukemia? | leukemia that happens in children and comes on suddenly with cold symptoms |
| chronic leukemia? | general in adults and goes in waves |
| what is mono? | defect of the monocyte |
| mono is caused by? | the ebstein-barr virus |
| mono's only treatment? | bed rest |
| how many platelets? | 250,000-500,000 |
| how long do platelets live? | 5-10 days |
| what regulates platelet formation? | thromboplastin |
| hemocytoblast develops into what? | megakarocyte |
| What is the megakarocyte? | a large nucleated cell that shatters into fragments that will not be the same |
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