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Apologia GS #11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The skeleton, muscles and the skin | The three components of your body’s superstructure |
| axial skeleton | the portion of the skeleton that supports and protects the head, neck, and trunk. |
| Appendicular skeleton | the portion of the skeleton that has the limbs attached to it. |
| Exoskeleton | a body covering, typically made of chitin, for protection and support which invertebrates have. |
| Phototropism | the tendency for plants to grow and move facing the sunlight. |
| Gravitropism | the tendency for plants to sense which way is up and grow that way. |
| Epidermis | outer layer of your skin. |
| Dermis | inner layer of your skin. |
| Hypodermis | composed of mostly fat, below the dermis, binds the skin together. |
| Symbiosis | The relationship between two or more species where at least one benefits. |
| Scapula | The shoulder blade |
| Humerus | The bone of the upper arm |
| Radius & ulna | The two bones of the lower arm |
| Femur | The thighbone |
| Patella | The knee cap |
| Tibia & fibula | The two bones of the lower leg |
| Sternum | The bone that joins the ribs together |
| Clavicle | The collar bone |
| Skull | The bone that makes up most of the head |
| Vertebrae | The bones that make up the backbone |
| 206 | The number of bones in the adult human body |
| Invertebrates | Animals with no backbone |
| Endoskeleton | The internal structure that supports vertebrate’s bodies |
| Voluntary muscles | They type of muscles you can control |
| Joints | The part of the skeleton that allows movement |
| Hinge joints | Elbows and knees have this type of joint |
| Saddle joint | The ankle has this type of joint |
| Ball and socket joint | The hips and shoulder have this type of joint |
| Washer joint | Only the backbone has this type of joint |
| Cartilage | Bones are coated with this tough, flexible substance so they do not rub against each other |
| Ligaments | Two bones are joined together with this strip of tissue |
| Tendons | These bands joint muscle to bone |
| Involuntary muscles | These muscles control movements of your body that are a normal part of life with no thought on your part |
| Hair | This grows on your skin from follicles and has two main functions: insulation and sensation |
| Sebaceous glands | This part of the skin produces an oil that softens the hair and the skin |
| Skin | This large organ is your body’s primary line of defense |
| Sweating | This process cools the skin |
| Beneficial bacteria & fungi | These organisms live on your skin |
| Mammal | This is an animal that has skin that produces hair |
| Bird | This is an animal that has skin that produces feathers |
| Reptile or fish | This is an animal that has skin that produces scales |
| Amphibian | This is an animal that has skin through which it can breathe |
| Arthropod | If an organism’s skin is an exoskeleton, the organism is called this. |
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pinetreeacademy
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