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Apologia GS #10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| prokaryotic cell | A cell that has no distinct, membrane-bounded organelles |
| eukaryotic cell | A cell with distinct, membrane-bounded organelles |
| Pathogen | an organism that causes disease |
| Decomposers | Organisms that break down the dead remains of other organisms |
| vegetative reproduction | The process by which one part of a plant can form new roots and develop into a complete plant |
| classification system | identifies all things around us and places them into Kingdoms |
| Biology | the study of life |
| five-kingdoms | Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia |
| Eukaryotic | cells that have a nucleus |
| Prokaryotic | cells without a nucleus |
| Algae | composed of eukaryotic cells and look like water plants, but they are not really plants |
| Pathogenic | disease causing |
| dehydrated food | food in which almost all the water has been removed which reduces bacteria growth |
| Amoeba | Protozoan "blob" organism with no defined shape or specialized structures |
| Kingdom Monera | Single prokaryotic celled microorganisms or the "simplest" form of life that can thrive and multiply in extreme habitats |
| Kingdom Protista | This kingdom contains single celled eukaryotic organisms as well as organisms like algae. Needs moisture to live and are bigger than Monera organisms |
| protozoa and algae | Kingdom Protista's 2 groups |
| Protozoa | single celled organisms that belong to Kingdom Protista and behave like animals - moving around and eating other organisms |
| Algae | Belong to Kingdom Protista and are more like plants. They are the most important source of photosynthesis on earth but are without specialized plant structures like roots, stems. |
| Euglena | Protozoa that have flagellum and an eye spot, don't eat other organisms, they produce food for photosynthesis |
| Flagellum | the tail on an organism or cell that allows it to move through the fluid in which they live. |
| eye spot | a light sensing spot the euglena needs for photosynthesis |
| Paramecium | Protozoa called "ciliates" that are the largest and move by using cilia and consume more food than most |
| Cilia | hair like structures that beat back and forth like oars in water creating movement |
| Plasmodium | Protozoa that cause malaria transmitted through mosquito bites. |
| Diatom | Algae that are responsible for more photosynthesis than any other group of algae |
| Kelp | Algae that looks like a water plant and is called seaweed and can grow very large - in excess of 100 feet |
| red algae | another form of seaweed that is not green but still performs photosynthesis |
| Kingdom Fungi | This kingdom is made up of organisms with several eukaryotic cells, breaks down dead organisms creating nutrients, called decomposers |
| Mycelium | The main body of a fungus made up of network of interwoven filaments, usually below the surface |
| shelf fungi | found growing out of dead trees |
| Mold | found growing on decaying food |
| Yeast | single-celled fungus used in baking bread |
| Kingdom Plantae | Made up of several eukrayotic cells, makes its own foodand has specialized plant structures |
| roots, stems, leaves | Three specialized plant structures of plants |
| cell wall and central vacuole | Things plant cells have that animal cells don't have |
| vegetative reproduction | The process by which one part of a plant can form new roots and develop into a complete plant |
| Roots | These parts of a plant absorb water and nutrients from the soil |
| Stems | These parts of a plant help transport the nutrients and water to other parts of the plant |
| Leaves | These parts of a plant are the main place where photosynthesis takes place |
| Photosynthesis | The process by which green plants produce food |
| cell wall | a rigid structure in a plant cell that has openings in it which allow nutrients and other chemical to pass through |
| central vacuole | fills with water, increasing in size, in a plant cell resulting in a rigid cell when full of fluids |
| Turgor pressure | The rigidity in a plant’s cells that allow the plant to stand up straight |
| Kingdom Animalia | Earthworms, insects, fish, animals, birds, humans and some microscopic animals belong to this Kingdom. |
| Cyclops | large group of small, water-swelling animals that have only one eye that cannot see but can detect light |
| Monera | the only kingdom that has single prokaryotic cell organisms |
| Bacteria | members of kingdom Monera are often called ? |
| Protozoa | Which organism can move on its own: protozoa or algae? |
| Algae | what is the most important source of oxygen for the planet? |
| Fungi | which kingdom contains decomposers? |
| Yeast | Name a single-celled fungus? |
| turgor pressure | when the central vacuole in a plant cell fills with water, pushing the organelles against the cell wall |
| Animalia | To which kingdom do people belong? |
Created by:
pinetreeacademy
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