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Care.of.Older.Adult
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Top 3 causes of death in older adults | Heart disease, malignant neoplasms (cancers), & cerebrovascular diseases |
| Manifestations of reduced nerve conduction in the elderly | Diminished reflexes, impaired learning, confusion |
| #1 cause of falls in elderly | Nocturia |
| #1 cause of fainting in elderly | Posterial orthostatic hypotension (changing positions) |
| Manifestation of glaucoma and cataracts in elderly | Inability to tolerate glare |
| Colors that the elderly most frequently have difficulty distinguishing | Green and Blue |
| Presbycusis | Decreased ability to hear high pitched tones |
| Presbyopia | Decrease in visual accommodation |
| Most common affective disorder in elderly | Depression |
| Delirium | Acute, confused state that begins with disorientation |
| Factors leading to depression | changes in serotonin, chronic illness, meds (finances, sexual desire) |
| Common cause of delirium in elderly | UTI |
| Diagnosing Alzheimer's disease | Only accurate way is autopsy. Living pt.s diagnoses are based on symptomology |
| Vascular dementia is commonly a precursor to ______. | Elevated BP/Cholesterol |
| Diagnosing vascular dementia | White/grey matter viewed on CT |
| Common cause of vascular dementia | Stroke (lack of O2 to brain) |
| Field of practice that focuses on physiology, diagnosis, mgmt of disorders, diseases of older adults | Geriatrics |
| Field of nursing that utilizes nursing process for older adults in all environments (acute, intermediate, skilled, care and community) | Gerontological/geriatric nursing |
| Combined biologic, physiologic, sociologic study of older adults within their environment | Gerontology |
| Sundowning | Confusion at night |
| Ways to support cognitive function in older adults | Crosswords, color coding, clocks, calendar |
| Ways to promote physical safety in elderly | No rugs, handrails, higher toilets |
| Administration of multiple meds at same time | Polypharmacy |
| Changes on med effects with age | Absorption, Metabolism, Distribution, Excretion |
| Factors that affect elderly compliance with drug regimen | Cost, side effects, confusion on frequency (regimen) |
| Strategy to improve elderly compliance with meds | Improve frequency of regimen (Aim for most drugs 1x/day, as many as possible at same time) |
| Manifestation of diminished thermoregulation | Altered febrile response |
| When is a medical condition considered chronic? | 3 months or longer |