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228.Test2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Base of the heart is where? | Top of the heart |
| The Apex of the heart is where | Bottom of the heart |
| What does nicotine do to arteries | Constricts |
| What does Sodium (Na) do to the heart | Puts pressure |
| Closure of the Mitral and Tricuspid valves | S1 (Lub) |
| Closure of the Aortic and Pulmonic valves | S2 (Dubb) |
| Approximately what is cardiac output | 5-6 L/min |
| Neck vessels we need to know | Carotid artery and Jugular veins |
| COLDSPA stands for what? | Condition, Onset, Location, Duration, Severity, Pattern, Associated symptoms |
| What is the amplitude of a pulse? | strength of the pulse |
| What is the contour of the pulse? | The regularity of the pulse |
| How is the strength of a pulse evaluated? | 0 - 4+ scale (0, 1+, 2+, 3+, 4+). 0 being no pulse and 4+ is bounding. |
| ICS stands for what? | Intercostal space |
| LSB stands for what? | Left sternal border |
| ERBS point is found where? | 3rd ICS, LSB |
| The Tricuspid is found approximately where? | 4th ICS, LSB |
| The Mitral/apical pulse area is approximately where? | 5th ICS, MCL |
| MCL stands for what? | Mid-clavicular line |
| Normal Heart rate | 60-100 bpm |
| Tachycardia is considered how many beats per minute | greater than 100 |
| Bradycardia is considered how many beats per minute | less than 60 |
| You would do a pulse check how? | palpating an artery |
| You would do a apical pulse check how? | auscultation of heart rate |
| What races are more susceptible to Coronary Heart Disease | African American, Mexican American, American Indian, Native Hawaiian, Asian American |
| Men are more susceptible to Coronary Heart disease after what age | 45 |
| Women are more susceptible to Coronary Heart Disease after what age | 55 (post menopausal, no estrogen replacement post total hysterectomy) |
| What family history would indicate your more susceptible to Coronary Heart Disease | Father/Brother diagnosed before age 55, mother/sister diagnosed before age 65 |
| Heart Attack symptoms | Chest pain, Pressure or heaviness/tightness/pain/pressure in the neck or jaw, Pain or pressure in one or both arms (most in the left), Shortness of breath, nausea, sweating, Pain or throbbing between the shoulder blades |
| Sudden death is more common among which gender with a heart attack | females |
| Which gender has a worse outcome after having had a heart attack | females |
| Most common time for a heart attack to occur | monday morning |
| What makes the mornings high-risk for those prone to have a heart attack | platelets are "stickier" |
| How long after someone has taken erectile dysfunction drugs should he wait before taking Nitroglycerin | 36 hours |
| Where are good sites for palpation of pulses | Radial, Femoral, Popliteal, Dorsalis Pedis, Posterior tibial |
| If a pulse cannot be found, what electronic device would be good to find the pulse | Doppler |
| Lymphedema is caused by what | Abnormal or blocked lymph vessels |
| A in APE to Man | Aortic (2nd ICS Right Sternal Border) |
| P in APE to Man | Pulmonic (2nd or 3rd ICS Left Sternal Border) |
| E in APE to Man | Erb's point (Third to fifth intercostal space at the Left Sternal Border) |
| T in Ape to Man | Tricuspid area (Fourth or fifth intercostal space at the left lower sternal border) |
| M in Ape to Man | Mitral/apical (Fifth intercostal space near the left midclavicular line - the apex of the heart) |
| When auscultating the heart, the upper trunk should be elevated to what? | 30 degrees |
| What part of the stethoscope should be used to differentiate low pitched sounds or gallops | bell |
| The diaphragm of the stethoscope should be applied __________ and the bell should be applied ___________ | firmly, lightly |
| A highly complex system that includes the heart and a closed system of vessels | Cardiovascular system |
| Pulmonary circulation is attributed to what part of the heart | right side |
| Systemic circulation is attributed to what part of the heart | left side |
| Two AV valves | tricuspid (right), mitral (left) |
| The tough, inextensible, loose-fitting, fibroserous sac that surrounds the heart | pericardium |
| relaxing of the ventricles of the heart | diastole |
| contraction of the ventricles of the heart | systole |
| This heart sound correlates with the beginning of systole | S1 |
| This heart sound correlates with the beginning of diastole | S2 |
| Where is S2 best heard | base of the heart (2nd ICS LSB) |
| Where is S1 best heard | Apex of the heart (5th ICS LSB) |
| Cardiac output is represented by what mathmatical formula | HR X SV (heart rate X stroke volume) |
| To observe the jugular venous pulse, in what position and at what angle should the client be in? | supine, torso 30-45 degrees |
| Upon auscultating an artery, you hear blowing or swishing sounds. What is this called | Bruit |
| Upon inspection, you see an impulse around the the 5th intercostal space on the left side. How would you treat this finding | Normal |
| With the client assuming a lateral position, what heart sounds should be heard | S1 & S2 (anything else would be considered abnormal) |
| With the client sitting up, leaning forward, and exhaling, what sounds should be heard | S1 & S2 (anything else would be considered abnormal) |
| What part of the stethoscope should be used to differentiate high pitched sounds | diaphragm |
Created by:
mwillis
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