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G&Dchapter13
Late Adulthood
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Three periods of old age | young old ages: 65-74; old ages: 75-90; very old ages: 90 years and older |
| In 2000 how many of the noninstitutionalized persons live at home with their spouses | over half |
| The most accurate predictors of life expectancy are | the ages of one’s biological parents |
| The symptoms of normal aging are referred to as | senescence |
| Biological theories | clockwork, free radical, wear and tear, immune system failure, autoimmune |
| What happens to height with age | trunk length decreases as spinal curvature increases and the intervetebral disks compact |
| Ligaments and tendons in the elderly | are less elastic resulting in muscle spasms and decreased flexibility. |
| When are pronounced stiffness and diminished range of motion more noticeable? | morning or following periods of disuse |
| Elderly changes and eating | diminished gag reflex places the older adult at risk for choking while eating |
| What is tooth loss a consequence of? | poor care leading to disease |
| Elderly and temperature regulation | lose subcutaneous adipose tissue causing a decrease in ability to sustain changes in temperature |
| What do problems with memory and learning result from? | specific diseases |
| Elderly and hearing | loss of high frequency sounds |
| Motor skills and elderly | both gross and fine motor skills may be affected by stiffened ligaments and joints; gait speed and step height decrease |
| Based on erikson, task for older adult is | ego integrity |
| Ego integrity description | feel satisfied with their accomplishments; may admit certain failures and disappointments but generally feel successful |
| Process of reminiscence or life review | reassures older people about their accomplishments and worth and allows person to weave his or her life together, giving events and memories meaning and order |
| Despair in elderly | developed when elderly feel that their lives have no meaning or that they have made the wrong decisions; produces helplessness and lack of control over their lives |
| What contributes to negative perceptions of the aging? | ageism or prejudice against old people |
| Cause of change in roles can be | retirement, it places new limitations and stresses on both parties |
| Main reasons for divorce in elderly? | debilitating illnesses, disabilities and marital distress |
| How does work impact people personally? | gives identity and self esteem as well as financial rewards |
| Second phase of retirement | near: may participate in some planning |
| What can prevent some older people from buying the foods necessary for adequate diets? | inflation and fixed incomes |
| What can affect whether older individuals can adequately meet their nutritional needs or understand their dietary requirements? | social situations and levels of education |
| Elderly and sleep | need more rest and less sleep than do younger adults |
| What factors increase an older person’s risk of falling? | decreased auditory and visual acuity, gait changes and neurological disorders |
| Abuse crosses | all social, cultural and socioeconomic boundaries |
| Most often abuse is related to | caregivers’ stress, unresolved family conflicts, or familial history of abuse |
| What factors may lead to depression in the older adult? | multiple losses, disease, and medications |
| Symptoms of depression | hopelessness and profound sadness |
Created by:
laotracuata
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