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Bio CH22
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does it mean when cells de-differentiate? | Cells produce proteins typical of other cell types. |
| Steps of plant life cycle... | Gametogenesis, fertilization, embryogenesis |
| Sperm and egg are produced via mitosis from haploid cells in plants. | |
| Alternation of generations | the alternation of two or more different forms in the life cycle of a plant |
| Fertilization occurs when... | sperm and egg combine in the female ovule. |
| Embryogenesis ends with... | the maturation of the ovule into a seed which contains a dormant embryo, supply of nutrients and a protective coat. |
| Germination | Germination is the process in which a plant or fungus emerges from a seed or spore and begins growth. |
| Organogenesis | Becoming an adult with vegetative organs. |
| 3 basic organs of a plant | Roots, stem, leaves |
| Carpel | Female reproductive system |
| Stamen | Male reproductive system |
| Anther | The part of a stamen that contains the pollen |
| Stigma | The pollen accepting organ in a flower |
| Pollen transferred from anther through stigma by... | Water, wind, animals |
| How is self fertilization and cross species fertilization prevented? | Proteins on the surface of the pollen grain interact with the surface of the stigma and rejects or accepts the pollen. |
| Double fertilization | One sperm fuses with egg to form a diploid zygote. One sperm fuses with maternal cells to form a triploid. |
| Endosperm | tissue that stores nutrients inside the seed for embryonic development, seed germination, and early seedling growth. (formed from triploid cell) |
| Suspensor | Anchors embryo as it develops |
| Radial axis | Established in globular state. |
| Cotyledons | Initial leaves |
| Hypocotyl | Stem like and below the cotyledons. |
| Shoot | Above ground portion of the plant body. |
| Root | Below ground portion |
| Meristem | Undifferentiated cells that divide repeatedly |
| Epidermis | Outer protective covering |
| Ground tissue | Mass of cells that may later differentiate into specialized cells for photosynthesis, food storage, and other functions. |
| Vascular Tissue | Differentiate into cells that later transport food and water between root and shoot. |
| MONOPTEROS | Gene that sets up apical-basal axis |
| Auxin | Cell to cell signal molecule produced in the shoot apical meristem and transported to the basal part of the embryo. |
| Stem apical meristem and root apical meristem | Allows plant to grow in any direction above and below ground. |
| PHANTASTICA | Gene that sets up upper and lower axis of leaves |
| Floral apical meristem | Modified shoot apical meristem that produces reproductive organs containing flowers. |
| Sepal | Outside; provide protection |
| Petals | Encloses reproductive organs and may be colored to attract pollinators |
| Stamen | Pollen producing organ (male) |
| Carpel | Egg producing ovule (female) |
| ABC model | Hypothesis that 3 genes are involved in flower development. |
Created by:
grijalvard
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