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EMT-IV Drugs

Class, Action, Indications, Contraindications, Adult Doses/Routes, Trade Names

QuestionAnswer
Albuterol: Class Sympathomimetic
Albuterol: Actions β-2 adrenergic antagonist (bronchodilator), some α effects
Albuterol: Indications Bronchospasm associated with asthma, COPD, or emphysema; difficulty breathing
Albuterol: Contraindications HR>130bpm, hypersensitivity
Albuterol: Dosage/Route 2.5mg c¯ .5ml for 3ml dose via jet nebulizer, O² 6-10lpm
Albuterol: Trade Names Proventil, ProAir, Ventolin
Activated Charcoal: Class Adsorbant
Activated Charcoal: Actions Chemically binds (adsorbs) toxins to prevent absorption into the body
Activated Charcoal: Indications Poisoning following emesis or if emesis is contraindicated
Activated Charcoal: Contraindications Petroleum based toxin poisonings, caustic or corrosive toxins
Activated Charcoal: Dosage/Route 1mg/kg via slurry
Activated Charcoal: Trade Names ActiChar, others
D50W: Class Monosaccharide Carbohydrate
D50W: Actions Raises blood serum glucose levels
D50W: Indications Hypoglycemia
D50W: Contraindications Hyperglycemia, Normoglycemia, s¯ IV access
D50W: Dosage/Route 25g c¯ 50ml
Nitroglycerine: Class Nitrate
Nitroglycerine: Actions Vasodilator
Nitroglycerine: Indications Acute chest pains indicative of myocardial infarction
Nitroglycerine: Contraindications BP<100sys, use of anticoagulants, increased cranial pressure
Nitroglycerine: Dosage/Route 0.4mg q 3-5 minutes for 3 doses
Nitroglycerine: Trade Names NitroStat, NitroLingual Epinephrine 1:1,000: Class
Epinephrine 1:1,000: Actions α and β effects causing bronchodilation, ↑ cardiac contractile force, ↑ HR, ↑ BP, ↑ automaticity
Epinephrine 1:1,000: Indications Anaphylaxis
Epinephrine 1:1,000: Contraindications Underlying cardiovascular dz, hypersensitivity, none in anaphylaxis pts
Epinephrine 1:1,000: Dosage/Route .01mg/kg up to 46kg, then .5mg via IV push/.3mg via EpiPen
Epinephrine 1:1000: Trade Names Adrenalin, EpiPen, EpiPen Jr.
Aspirin: Class Antithrombolytic (Platelet Aggregator Inhibitor)
Aspirin: Actions Inhibits the production of thombroxane A²
Aspirin: Indications Chest pains indicative of MI
Aspirin: Contraindications Hypersensitivity, active upper GI bleed, pts c¯ asthma Aspirin: Dosage/Route
Aspirin: Trade Names St. Joseph’s, Bayer, etc.
0.9% Normal Saline: Class Isotonic Crystalloid Solution
0.9% Normal Saline: Actions Replaces H²O and electrolytes
0.9% Normal Saline: Indications Heat related illnesses, hemorrhagic shock, hypovolemic shock, major blood loss s¯ shock, IV therapy
0.9% Normal Saline: Contraindications CHF dz, frostbite (relative)
0.9% Normal Saline: Dosage/Route 20cc/kg via IV (10cc/kg for neonates(<30days))
Glucagon: Class Pancreatic Hormone
Glucagon: Actions Raises blood glucose levels via neoglucogenesis (generating glucose from glycogen)
Glucagon: Indications Hypoglycemia s¯ IV access
Glucagon: Contraindications Hyperglycemia, Normoglycemia, pt c¯ IV access
Glucagon: Dosage/Route 1mg IM injection (may only be administered once)
Glucagon: Trade Names GlucaGen
Oral Glucose: Class Monosaccharide Carbohydrate
Oral Glucose: Actions Temporarily ↑ blood glucose levels
Oral Glucose: Indications Hypoglycemic pt s¯ altered LOC
Oral Glucose: Contraindications pt c¯ altered LOC, unresponsive pts, Hyperglycemia, Normoglycemia
Oral Glucose: Trade Names Insta-Glucose
Oxygen: Class Gas Oxygen: Actions
Oxygen: Indications Hypoxia or pt in danger of becoming hypoxic
Oxygen: Contraindications Paraquat poisoning
Created by: pjordon
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