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bio 1 hon ch 15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| artificial selecton | the selective breeding of organisms selected for certain traits in order to produce offspring having those traits |
| theory of evolution | excess reproduction,variations,inheritance,and the advantages of specific traits in an environment |
| evolution | hereditary changes in groups of living things over time |
| derived traits | new featurs that had not appeared in common ancestors |
| ancestral traits | more primitive characteristics that appeared in common ancestors |
| homologous sturctures | anatomically similiar structures inherited from a common ancestor |
| vestigial structures | reduced forms of functional structures that shared ancestry |
| analogous structures | structures that have the same functions but diff. construction and was not inherited from a common ancestor |
| embryo | organsims early prebirth stage of development |
| biogeography | study of the distribution of plant and animals on earth |
| fitness | measure of a trait's relative contribution to the following generation |
| mimicry | morphological adaptation in which one species evolves to resemble another species for protection or other advantages. |
| hardy weinburg principle | when allelic freq. remain constant |
| genetic drift | any change in allelic freq. in a population that result from chance |
| founder effect | when a small sample of a population settles in a location seperated from the rest of the population |
| bottleneck effect | when a population declines to a very low number and then rebounds. |
| stabalizing selection | the most common form of natural selection. it operates to eliminate extreme expressions of a trait whe the avg. exp. leads to higher fitness. |
| directional selection | a form of selection increases the exp. of the extreme versions of a trait in a population. |
| disruptive selection | a process that splits a population into two groups |
| sexual selection | another type of natural selection in which change in frequency of a trait is based on the ability to attract a mate. |
| allopatric speciatioin | a physical barrier divides one population into two or more populations |
| sympatric speciation | a species evolves into a new species with pout a physical barrier |
| adaptive radiation | can occur in a relatively short time when on species response to the creation of a new habitat or another ecological oppritunity |
| gradualism | traits might remain unchanged for millions of years or the idea that evolution proceeds in small gradual steps |
| punctuated equilibrium | abrupt transitions in the fossil record |
Created by:
gr8dancr21
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