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Bio 121 Chapter 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acetyl-CoA | Key intermediate compound in metabolism, consists of 2 carbon acetyl group covalently bonded to Coenzyme A |
| Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) | Organic compound containing adenine, ribose, and 3 phosphate groups; Prime importance for energy transfer in cells |
| Aerobic Respiration | Process by which cells generate ATP through series of Redox reactions, In Aerobic respiration terminal electron acceptor is molecular oxygen |
| Anabolism | Simple substance are combined 2 form more complex substances, Results in storage of energy, production of new cell materials and growth |
| Anaerobic Respiration | Terminal acceptor in an inorganic molecule other than oxygen |
| ATP Synthase | Large enzyme complex that catalyzes the formation of ATP from ADP & inorganic phosphate by chemiosmosis |
| Chemiosomosis | Process by which Phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP is coupled to the transfer of electrons down an electron transport chain |
| Citric Acid | 6 carbon organic acid |
| Citric Acid Cycle | Chemical reactions in Aerobic respiration in which, acetyl Coenzyme A is completely degraded to carbon dioxide & water with release of metabolic energy that is used 2 produce ATP |
| Coenzyme A (CoA) | Organic cofactor responsible for transferring groups derived from organic acids |
| Cytochromes | Iron containing heme proteins of an electron transport system |
| Electron Transport Chain | where hydrogens or their electrons are passes along, from one acceptor molecule 2 another, with release of energy |
| Facultative anaerobic organism | organism capable of carrying out aerobic respiration, but able 2 switch to fermentation when oxygen is unavailable |
| Fermentation | Anaerobic process, which ATP is produced by a series of redox reactions in which organic compounds serve both as electron diners and terminal electron acceptors |
| Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD) | Coenzyme that transfers electrons |
| Glycolysis | First stage of cellular respiration, (the splitting of sugar) the metabolic conversion of glucose into pyruvate, accompanied by the product of ATP |
| Kreb's Cycle | Chemical reactions in Aerobic respiration in which, acetyl Coenzyme A is completely degraded to carbon dioxide & water with release of metabolic energy that is used 2 produce ATP |
| Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) | Coenzyme that transfers electrons, as hydrogens, particularly in catabolic pathway, includes cellular respiration. |
| Obligate Anaerobic Organisms | organisms that grows only in the absence of oxygen |
| Oxidation | Loss of one or more electrons/ or hydrogen atoms by an atom, Ion, or molecule. |
| Pyruvic acid (Pyruvate) | (3 carbon compound) the end product of glycolysis |
| Reduction | Gain of one or more electrons |
| Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle | Same as citric acid cycle |
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adhami1
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