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AP Bio ch 15

QuestionAnswer
adaption characteristics that help an individual survive and reproduce
allele frequency the added up number of copies of each allele of that gene in all the idividuals in a population, used to determine the relative proportion of each allele
coevolution when two species interact extensively, exerting strong selection on the other. they have a mutual feedback of evolving
competition a major agent of natural selection, most intense for natural resources in amoung members of the same species
directional selection favors individuals with an extreme value of a trait and selects against both average and extreme opposite individuals
disruptive selection favors individuals at both extremes and selects against individuals with intermediate values
equilubrium population a hypothetical nonevolving population in which allele frequencies do not change
fitness measured by an organism's reproductive success
founder effect occurs when isolated colonies are founded by a small number of organisms
gene flow movement of alles into or out of the population
gene pool the sum of all genes in a popluation
genetic drift the process by which chance events change allele frequencies
Hardy-Weinberg principle this model shows that inder certain condidtions, allele frequencies and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constanct no matter how many generations pass
mutation changes in DNA sequence
natural selection favors traits that increase the organism's survival only to the extent that improved survival leads to improved reproduction
population a group that includes all the members of a species living in a given area
population bottleneck a populaiton is drasticlaly reduced as a result of a natural catastrophe or overhunting
predation includs any situation in which one organism eats another
sexual selection a special kind of selection that acts on traits that help an animal acquire a mate
stabilizing selection favors individuals with the average value of a trait and selects againts individuals with extreme values
Created by: agrzywa
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