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Cells BF
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cell | basic unit of all organisms; all living things are composed of cells |
| Cell Theory | the theory that (1) all organisms are composed of cells, (2) the cell is the basic unit of organization of organisms, (3) all cells come from preexisting cells |
| Organelle | membrane-bound structures within eukaryotic cells |
| Cell Wall | firm, fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane of plants, fungi, most bacteria, and some protists; provides support and protection |
| Nucleus | the center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons; in cells, structure that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell's activities |
| Microtubles | thin, hollow cylinders made of protein that provide structural support for eukaryotic cells |
| microfilaments | thin, solid protein fibers that provide structural support for eukaryotic cells |
| Ribosome | small particle in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and protein |
| Multicellular | Made of many cells |
| Unicellular | Make of a single cell |
| endoplasmic reticulum | organelle in eukaryotic cells with a series of highly folded membranes surrounded in cytoplasm; site of cellular chemical reactions; can either be rough (with ribosomes) or smooth (without ribosomes) |
| golgi apparatus | organelle in eukaryotic cells with a system of flattened tubular membranes; modifies proteins and sends them to their appropriate destinations |
| lysosome | organelles that contain digestive enzymes; digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria |
| Vacuole | fluid filled space that stores water and nutrients for the cell; very large in plant cells |
| Mitochondria | Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production. |
| Nucleolus | organelle in eukaryotic cell nucleus that produces ribosomes |
| plastids | organelles that, like mitochondria, are surrounded by a double membrane and contain their own DNA. |
| flagella | long, thin, whip-like structures, with a core of microtubules, that enable some cells to move |
| cilia | short, numerous, hairlike projections composed of pairs of microtubles; frequently move in a wavelike motion; aid in feeding and locomotion |
| chloroplast | chlorophyll-containing cell organelles found in the cells of green plants and some protists; capture light energy from the sun, which is converted to chemical energy in food molecules |
| centriole | in animal cells, a pair of small cylindrical structures composed of microtubles that duplicate during interphase and move to opposite ends of the cell during prophase |
| cytoplasm | clear, gelatinous fluid in eukaryotic cells that suspends the cell's organelles and is the site of numerous chemical reactions |
| prokaryote | A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles |
| eukaryote | A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles |
Created by:
brittanyfox
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