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Bio 121 Chapter 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Active Site | specific region of an enzyme that accepts one or more substrates and catalyzes a chemical reaction |
| Adenosine Triphosphate | an organic compound containing adenine, ribose, and a phosphate group. primaily important for energy transfer in cells |
| Allosteric Site | site on an enzyme other than the active site, to which a specific substance hinds, and changes the shape and activity of a cell |
| Anabolism | aspect of metabolism in which simpler substance are combined to form more complex substances, results in growth, new cells, energy storage |
| Catabolism | complex substance are broken down 2 form simpler substances, catabolic reactions are important in relaying chemical energy store by cells |
| Catalysts | substance that increases the speed at which a chemical reaction occurs without being used up in the reaction |
| closed system | a entity that does not exchange energy with its surroundings |
| Coenzyme | organic cofactor for an enzyme, usually transports some component |
| Competitive inhibition | substance that binds to the active site of an enzyme |
| Concentration Gradient | difference in the concentration of a substance from one point to another |
| Cytochromes | pigment that strongly absorbs blue light |
| Energy | capacity to do work |
| Energy of activation | kinetic energy required to initiate a chemical reaction |
| Enthalpy | total potential energy of a system |
| Enzymes | usually a protein, accelerates a specific chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy required for that reaction |
| Feedback inhibition | enzyme regulation in which the accumulation of the product of a reaction inhibits an earlier reaction in the sequence |
| Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) | oxidized and reduced forms, of flavin adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme that transfers electrons |
| Irreversible inhibition | substance that perminently inactivates an enzyme. |
| Kinetic Energy | energy of motion |
| Matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Metabolic pathway | series of chemical reactions in which the product of one reaction becomes the substrate of the next reaction |
| Metabolism | sum of all chemical reaction that occur within an organism |
| Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotude (NAD) | oxidezed and reduce form of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme that transfers elections |
| Noncompetitive inhibition | substance that lowers the rate at which an enzyme catalyzes a reaction but does not bind to the active site |
| Open system | an entity that exchanges energy with its surroundings |
| Oxidation | loss of one or more electrons (or hydro atoms) by an atom, ion, or molecule |
| Potential Energy | stored energy |
| Product | substance formed by a chemical reaction |
| Redox reaction | chemical reaction in which one or more electrons are transferred, from one substance to another |
| Reduction | the gain of one or more electrons (or hydro elections) by atom, ion, or molecule |
| Reversible inhibition | substance that forms weak bonds with an enzyme, it is either competitive or noncompetitive |
| Substrate | a substance in which an enzyme acts, a reactant in an enzymatically catalyzed reaction |
| Thermodynamics | principle governing energy transfers, often expressed in terms of heat transfer. |
| Catalase | Protects cells by destroying hydrogen peroxide |
Created by:
adhami1
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