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Biology ISA Words

QuestionAnswer
ACCURACY An accurate measurement is one that is close to true value.
ANOMOLOUS A result which doesn't fit in with the others, it often doesn't sit on the line of best fit.
RANDOM ERROR Caused by human error, a faulty technique or faulty ,measurement. They can be detected by and compensated for by taking a large number of readings
SYSTEMATIC ERROR All readings are shifted one way or another from the true value. It can occur when the scale on a piece of apparatus is incorrect.
ZERO ERROR This occurs when a measuring instrument e.g. ammeter or balance is not set to zero to start with
EVIDENCE Data, which is valid
FAIR TEST Only one variable is changed, the others are kept the same. A test which gives valid data.
PRECISION Measurements are precise if they are close to the mean value. Precision depends on the scale of the instrument e.g. a thermometer with a scale of 0.1°C.
RELIABILITY Results are reliable if they are repeated and are similar or the same. Reliability can be improved by carrying out repeat measurements.
TRUE VALUE A measurement made without any errors.
VALIDITY Data is valid if a fair test has been carried out, i.e. there is only one independent variable.
CATEGORIC VARIABLE Described by labels e.g. type of metal. Results are plotted as bar or pie chart.
CONTINUOUS VARIABLE This can haveany numerical value e.g. lenght. Results are plotted as a line graph.
CONTROL VARIABLE A variable which may affect the outcome of the experiment, so needs to be kept the same to make the test fair. Sometimes it is not possible to be controlled so it has to be monitored.
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE The variable that the investigator chooses to change
DEPENDENT VARIABLE The variable that is measured and will change as a result of the independent variable.
DISCRETE VARIABLE A type of categoric variable restricted to whole numbers. e.g. shoe size.
ORDERED VARIABLE A type of categoric variable that can be put into order. e.g size of marble chips can be small, medium or large.
DATA A collection of measurements
CALIBRATION Fixing known points and then marking a scale between these points.
Created by: george_kiloh
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