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Oxygenation
NU110
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| coronary artery circulation | systemic circulation that supplies the myocardium with oxygen and nutrients and removes waste |
| cardiac output (CO) | stroke volume X heart rate |
| stroke volume | amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle with each contraction |
| diffusion | process for the exchange of respiratory gases in the alveoli and the capillaries of the body tissue |
| Hypovelmia | fluid loss = increased heart rate and peripheral vasoconstriction |
| Increased Metabolic Rate | decreases oxygen demand = increased in carbon dioxide in the body |
| dysrhythmias | deviation from the normal sinus heart rhythym |
| Valvular heart disease | acquired or congenital disorder of a cardiac valve, characterized by stenosis or regurgitation of blood |
| stenosis | an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure |
| angina pectoris | transient imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand |
| myocardial ischemia | supply of blood to the myocardium from the coronary arteries is insufficient to meet myocardial oxygen demands |
| myocardial infarction (heart attack) | sudden decrease in coronary blood flow or an increase in myocardial oxygen demand without adequate coronary perfusion |
| hyperventilation | a state of ventilation in excess of that required to eliminate the carbon dioxide produced by cellular metabolism |
| hypoventilation | occurs when alveolar ventilation is inadequate to meet the body's oxygen demand or to eliminate sufficient carbon dioxide |
| atelectasis | collapse of the alveoli, prevents the normal exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide - results in hypoventilation |
| hypoxia | inadequate tissue oxygenation at the cellular level |
| causes of hypoxia | 1) ↓ hemoglobin level & ↓ O2-carrying capacity of the blood 2) diminished concentration of inspired O2 3) inability of tissue to extract oxygen from the blood 4) ↓ diffusion of O2 from alveoli to blood 5) poor tissue perfusion with O2 blood |
| cyanosis | blue discoloration of skin and mucous membranes caused by the presence of desaturated hemoglobin in capillaries (late stage of hypoxia) |
| sputum | mucus that is coughed up from the lower airways |
| diastole | chambers fill |
| systole | chambers empty |
| inspiration | The inhalation of air into the lungs; active process |
| expiration | the act of expelling air from the lungs; passive process |
| orthopnea | shortness of breath when lying flat |
Created by:
chinkychunsa
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