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kb's lab practical 1

QuestionAnswer
follicles of thyroid thyroid hormone (T3/T4)
parafollicular cells of thyroid calcitonin
parathyroid gland parathyroid hormone
alpha cells of islets (pancreas) glucagon
beta cells of islets (pancras) insulin
delta cells of islets (pancreas) somatostatin
acini cells of pancreas digestive enzymes (exocrine function of pancreas)
zona glomerulosa (adrenal cortex) aldosterone
zona fasciculata (adrenal cortex) cortisol
zona reticularis (adrenal cortex) androgens
adrenal medulla epi/norepi
thymus gland thymosin
pineal gland melatonin
interstitial cells of testes testosterone
follicles of ovaries estrogen
corpus luteum of ovaries progesterone
posterior pituitary ADH & oxytocin
anterior pituitary growth hormone, TSH, ACTH, MSH, beta endorphins, lipotropins, LH, FSH, prolactin
what does aldosterone do? target: kidney reabsorption 1. increases blood levels of Na+ and water 2. decreases blood levels of K+
hypothyroidism decreased metab and HR, decreased body temp, weight gain
hyperthyroidism increased metab and HR, increased body temp, weight loss
anemia less oxygen delivered to cells
polycythemia too many RBC
adult male hemoglobin 14.9 +/- 1.5
adule female hemoglobin 13.7 +/- 1.5
newborn hemoglobin 21.5 +/- 3
children hemoglobin 13 +/- 1.5
male hematocrit 40-54% (47% avg)
female hematocrit 37-47% (42% avg)
how long does it take blood to coagulate? 3-5 min
coagulation formatin of fibrin strands from fibrinogen
agglutination clumping due to interaction btwn antigens and antibodies
erythroblastosis fetalis Rh- mom with Rh+ fetus
tricuspid valve right AV valve
bicuspid valve left AV valve
S1 sound closing of AV valves (louder and longer than S2)
S2 sound closing of SL valves (shorter than S1)
S3 sound filling of ventricles
murmurs abnormal sounds due to improper closing of valves
gap junction protein channels that pass action potentials cell to cell very rapidly
functional syncytium cells functionally in sync with each other
P wave atrial depolarization
TA wave atrial repolarization
QRS wave ventricular depolarization
T wave ventricular repolarization
PR interval delay at AV node, atria contract and relax
ST segment ventricles depolarize
QT interval ventricle depolarization and repolarization
bradycardia HR less than 60 bpm
athlete's bradycardia slower HR in endurance athletes caused by high levels of parasympathetic inhibition
tachycardia HR faster than 100 bpm at rest
ventricular tachycardia abnormally fast ectopic pacemakes in ventricles cause them to beat rapidly, indep of atria
flutter contraction rapid 200-300 bpm but coordinated
fibrillation rapid disorganized contractions
first degree AV block PR interval is greater than 0.2 seconds
second degree AV block P waves without QRS. AV node damaged so only 2, 3, or 4 waves can pass
third degree AV block complete heart block, no waves can pass, P waves dissociated from QRS
electrical defibrillation electric shock given to chest depolarizes all myocardial cells at the same time. tries to reset conduction system to stop fibrillation
sinus rhythm pace set by SA node
ectopic foci when SA node is not functioning, other cells assume pacemaker function
systolic pressure pressure when ventricles contract
diastolic pressure pressure when ventricles relax
korotkoff sounds sounds heard when taking BP, blood causes vibrations in vessel walls
Created by: brackl7
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