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History of Bio
BIO 400
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ibn an-Nafis | proposed pulmonary circulation |
| Ibn an-Nafis | Questioned Galenic authorities |
| Famous public hospitals were in: | Baghdad, Damascus, Cairo |
| Religious diversity | Spain and Sicily |
| The 'Galen' of Europe | Avicenna |
| Scholasticism | assimilation of ancient writing into Christian framework by monks |
| "Dr. Universalius" | Albertus Magnus |
| Discovered arsenic | Albertus Magnus |
| "Aristotle's Ape" | Albertus Magnus |
| Pupil to St. Augustine | Albertus Magnus |
| Bingen | St. Hildegard's town |
| Female nun | St. Hildegard |
| Wrote "Natural History" in German | St. Hildegard |
| Holy Roman Emperor | Fredrick II |
| Hohenstaufen | Fredrick II's town |
| Respected Islamic culture than Christianity | Fredrick II |
| Wrote "Art of Falcony" | Fredrick II |
| Established University of Naples | Fredrick II |
| Chartered Salerno Medical College | Fredrick II |
| Believed free thoughts over religious matter | Fredrick II |
| Might have invented gun powder before the Chinese did | Roger Bacon |
| "The Secrets of Secrets" | Written by Aristotle and Alexander; admired by Bacon |
| Charlmagne | Found church schools, led to development of universities |
| Johannes Gutenburg | Found the printing press |
| Martin Luther | Weakened the universal intellectual authorities of the Catholic Church |
| "On the Motion of Heavenly Bodies" | Written by Copernicus |
| Believed in circular orbital motions | Copernicus |
| Believed the sun was the center of heliocentric model | Aristarculus |
| Showed that the planetary orbits were elipsed | Kepler |
| "Somnium" | Written by Kepler |
| 1st science fiction book published | "Somnium" |
| 'Watershed' | Scientists that had poor explanations on things |
| Showed planet motions were NOT constant | Kepler |
| Discovered celestial imperfection | Galileo |
| First to use a telescope | Galileo |
| Believed the universe operated in simple laws | Newton |
| Learned anatomy as a teen | Da Vinci |
| Incorporated anatomy into art | Da Vinci |
| "On the Fabric of the Human Body" | Written by Versalius |
| Assistant to Sylvius | Versalius |
| Realized that Galen didn't do dissection | Versalius |
| Obtained bodies from "Death to Dissection" | Versalius |
| Accused for vivisection and godlessness | Versalius |
| Violent public to his book | Versalius |
| Wanderer, followed Versalius | Servetus |
| Assisted Sylvius | Servetus |
| Denied the Trinity, infant baptism, and predestination | Servetus |
| "Restoration of Christianity" | Written by Servetus |
| Argued that there are no pores in septum | Servetus |
| Understanding human spirit = knowing human body | Servetus |
| Argued that blood in the tissue was dark and blood in the arteries were bright | Servetus |
| Successor to Versalius | Colombo |
| Proved Versalius wrong | Colombo |
| "On the Valves in the Veins" | Written by Fabrici |
| Mapped valves in veins | Fabrici |
| Believed in prevention of backflow | Fabrici |
| Student of Fabrici | Harvey |
| Physician to King James then King Charles | Harvey |
| Observed heart beats | Harvey |
| One heart beat = ?? | 2 oz. of blood |
| "On the Movement of the Heart and Blood" | Written by Harvey |
| Afraid to publish; mankind at large for enemies | Harvey |
| Tied arteries and veins | Harvey |
| living processes are the consequences of fundamental laws of physics, mechanics, and chemistry | Mechanicism |
| Life is a relational concept | Mechanicism |
| living processes depends upon a vital force that is not explainable in physical, mechanical, or chemical terms | Vitalism |
| Life is a unitary substantial entity | Vitalism |
| An influential mechanism | Descartes |
| Organisms are mechanical like clocks | Descartes |
| Universe is a mechanical system | Descartes |
| Experimented on turkey stomach | Borelli |
| Believed that digestion was a mechanical process | Borelli |
| Used lens as a plot device in his play, "Clouds" | Aristophanes |
| Used water filled globe for magnification | Pliny |
| Lens to create therapeutic burns | Pliny |
| Described the eye's lenses | Alhazen |
| Described telescope | Grosseteste |
| Described glasses, magnifiers, and burning lens | Bacon |
| Type of Microscope invented by Galileo | Compound Microscope |
| Drew the first magnified drawing | Stelluti |
| "Micrographia" | Written by Hooke |
| Described 'cells' | Hooke |
| Studies embryonic development | Malphigi |
| Experimented on frog lungs | Malphigi |
| Completed Harvey's blood circulation idea | Malphigi |
| Made his own microscope | Leeuwenhoek |
| His works published in "Tranaction" | Leeuwenhoek |
| Discovered microorganism, "animalicules" | Leeuwenhoek |
| Observed corn weevil | Leeuwenhoek |
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