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ebarb bio chap 14

QuestionAnswer
What is a karyotype? Why might a karyotype be useful? A picture of chromosomes taken to determine if a person has the correct number of chromosomes.
Why is colorblindness more common in males than in females? The allele for colorblindness is recessive and on the X chromosome, so the male only has to inherit one copy of a defective allele
If the allele for having a white forelock is dominant, what is the genotype for a family members who do not have the white forelock? homozygous recessive
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a change in a single gene that causes a protein called CFTR to do what? the protein does not fold properly
Why has no baby ever been born without an X chromsome? X chromosomes contain genes that are vital for normal development
What combination of sex chromosomes do females have? XX
What is nondisjunction? When homologous chromosomes do not separate correctly
What is a consequence of nondisjunction? A baby could be born with extra copies of genes
What is the goal of the 1000 genomes project? To measure the extent of genetic variation among human populations
What prevents insurance companies from discriminating against people based on information derived from genetic tests? They are prohibited by law
What percentage of human sperm cells carry an X chromosome? 50%
How many chromosomes are shown in a normal human karyotype? 46
Why might people who are heterozygous for sickle cell disease be at an advantage in some parts of the world? the recessive allele increases resistance to disease
What are autosomes? chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes
Why do scientists making a karyotype take pictures of cells undergoing mitosis? chromosomes become visible
When does Huntington disease usually usually appear? Later in life
What are the three alleles that determine human ABO blood type? Which are dominant and which is recessive? I^A and I^B, which are dominant and i, which is recessive
How many copies of the sickle cell allelle must someone inherit in order to get the disease? 2
Created by: jdstevens
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