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Adult 1 Pain Manag.
pain management
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How to define pain? | whatever the person experiencing the pain says it is, existing wherever the person says it does |
| What is a definition of pain? | an unpleasant sensory & emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage |
| How is pain described? | Subjective, its the patients experience and self report |
| Some populations may have problems with self report so what must you do? | observe non verbal cues too to help assist in pain assessment |
| The neural mechanism by which pain is perceived consists of 4 physiological processes. What are they? | transduction, transmission, perception, modulation |
| What interrupts the pain pathway during transduction? | nsaids, local anesthetics, anti-seizure agents, corticosteroids |
| what interrupts the pain pathway during transmission? | opioids |
| what interrupts the pain pathway during perception? | opioids, nsaids, adjuvants |
| What interrupts the pain pathway during modulation? | tricyclic antidepressants |
| what are the two ways pain is classified if based on underlying pathology? | Nociceptive pain, neuropathic pain |
| what are the two ways pain is classified is based on duration? | acute, chronic |
| what is nociceptive pain? | pain caused by damage to somatic or visceral tissue |
| what are examples of nociceptive pain? | pain from surgical incision, arthritis, cardiac ischemia |
| what are the two types of nociceptive pain? | somatic pain and visceral pain |
| what is somatic pain? | aching or throbbing pain, very well localized... it arises from bones, joints, muscles, skin, or connective tissue |
| what is visceral pain? | pain which results from stimuli (ex. tumor involvement or obstruction).. it arises from internal organs such as intestine or bladder |
| what is neuropathic pain? | caused by damage to nerve cells or abnormal processing of sensory input.. described as burning, shooting, stabbing or electric in nature |
| does acute pain last long? is it sudden? | No it is of short duration, and it has a sudden onset |
| what is acute pain? | course of pain decreases over time and goes away as recovery occurs. includes postop pain, labor pain, trauma pain. |
| how do you treat acute pain? | analgesics for symtom control, and also treat underlying cause |
| how do you treat neuropathic pain? | antidepressants |
| how do you treat nociceptive pain? | nonopioids or opioids |
| how does acute pain activate manifestations that reflect sympathetic ns? | increase heart rate, increase respiratory rate, increase bp |
| what can unresolved acute pain cause? | prolonged hospitalization, increase complications of immobility, delay rehab, decrease a patients focus on goal in get better |
| what is chronic pain? | last longer than expected, any pain that last more than 3 months |
| do you always know the cause of chronic pain? | no |
| how is chronic pain characterized? | by periods of waxing and waning |
| what are the two types of chronic pain? | non-cancer, cancer |
| what is chronic non-cancer pain? | long term pain, 25% population, considered non-life threatening but causes psychosocial distress |
| what are examples of chronic non-cancer pain? | R.A., lupus, headache, low back pain, arthritis, myofacial pain, peripheral neuropathy |
| what is chronic cancer pain? | 2/3 of patients with advanced cancer have it, treat with oral opioids, from cancer bone mets, and nerve compression |
Created by:
pintorac
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