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2/15 quiz LAB
2/15 quiz LAB - skull
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| compact bone | solid bone outside of skeleton |
| compact bone composed of | osteons |
| center tunnel of each osteon for blood vessels | haversian canal |
| extends perpendicular from haversian canal. connects blood vessels from adjacent osteons | volkmann's canal |
| concentric rings of bony matrix composed of collagen fibers and calcium salt crystals | lamellae |
| between lamellae find | osteocytes (bone cells) |
| osteocytes live inside | lacunae (shells) |
| tunnels radiating out of individual lacuna | canaliculi |
| small spaces between osteons filled with small bony matrix sheets - between rings | interstitial lamellae |
| lacks distinctive structure of compact bone found on the interior skeleton. osteon arrangement not present. | cancellous bone |
| cancellous bone is composed of small spikes of bony matrix called | trabeculae |
| skull, vertebral column, ribs, sternum | axial skeleton |
| arms, legs, pelvic girdle, shoulder girdle | appendicular skeleton |
| represent points of attachment for muscles, joint surfaces, openings for various blood vessels, & nerves to enter and leave the skull | surface markings |
| rounded hole | foramen |
| slit-like hole | fissure |
| tube-like hole | meatus |
| hollow space | sinus |
| bump | tuberosity |
| crest or line | ridge |
| groove | sulcus |
| dpression | fossa |
| joint surface | condyle, head, facet |
| portion of skull houses the brain | cranium |
| brain lies within | cranial cavity (vault) |
| large bone forms forehead region | frontal bone |
| bony eye socket | orbit |
| directly posterior to the frontal bone. paired bones form the upper central portion of skull & cranial cavity | parietal bones |
| directly inferior to parietal bones and form the sides of the skull and the lowers sides and portion of the floor of cranial cavity | temporal bones |
| large bump lies just behind the ear | mastoid process |
| found in skull interior and forms large "mountain" on the floor of cranium. houses internal ear structures | petrous ridge |
| anterior to the mastoid process. spike like projection | styloid process |
| anterior to the mastoid process tube-like hole. holds tube that sound waves travel to the internal ear structures | external auditory meatus |
| thin bony projection that extends anteriorly | zygomatic process |
| thin bony projection extending anteriorly joins similar posterior extention of a bone from the face | zygomatic arch |
| small opening located in the ridge portion of temporal bone from inside of skull (path for nerve from inner ear to brain) | internal auditory meatus |
| openings that can be viewed from both inside and inferior aspect of skull. rather large openings allow blood to drain from brain to the heart | jugular foramen |
| provides opening for carotid artery to enter cranial cavity | carotid canal |
| temporal bones consist of (7) | mastoid process, petrous ridge, styloid process, external & internal auditory meatus, zygomatic process & arch, jugluar foramen, carotid canal |
| forms posterior wall and portion of floor of cranial cavity with several surface markings | occipital bone |
| occipital bones consist of (2) | foramen magnum, occipital condyles |
| largest hole in the skull where spinal cord exits the cranium to vertebral column | foramen magnum |
| lateral to foramen magnum two rounded articular (joint) surfaces. form a joint with the first vertebra in spinal column | occiptal condyles |
| large, oddly shaped bone can be seen from inside or from inferior aspect. bat-shaped extends from one temple to the other. can be seen forming the back & lateral portions of orbit | sphenoid bone |
| sphenoid bone consists of (2) | sella turcica & optic canal |
| prominent landmark can be easily seen from inside cranium. "thurkish saddle" home to pituitary gland | sella turcica |
| rounded tunnel extending from orbit into cranial cavity accomodated optic nerve as it travels from eyeball to brain | optic canal |
| lies between and forms medial wall of the orbits | ethmoid bone |
| ethmoid bone consists of (5) | perpendicular plate, crita galli, cribriform plate, middle & superior nasal conchae |
| superior (upper) portion of nasal septum divides nasal cavity into left & right parts | perpendicular plate |
| from inside cranial cavity, ridge near the front of cranial cavity serves as attachment point for membranes that surround the brain | crista galli |
| on either side of crita galli is a perforated, scree-like structre. Tiny holes in this grid allow olfactory nerve to enter brain tissue from nasal cavity region | cribriform plate |
| upper scroll like bones on lateral sides of nasal cavities | middle and superior conchae |
| squiggly line joints | sutures |
| soft spots | fontanels |
| form anterior portion of skull | facial bones |
| form superior portion of nasal region | nasal bones |
| bone that forms the upper jaw | maxilla |
| upper teeth | maxillary teeth |
| inferior to the orbit. passage for trigeminal nerve, a major nerve associated with face structures | infraorbital foramen |
| maxilla consists of (2) | maxillary teeth & infraorbital foramen |
| inferior to the maxilla is a movable bone, forms lower jaw | mandible |
| lower teeth | mandibular teeth |
| articulation between temporal bone & mandible, lies just anterior to external aud meatus | temporomandibular joint |
| mandible bend | angle |
| flat portion of mandible extends inferiorly from temporomandibular joint to the angle of the mandible | ramus |
| mandible consists of (4) | mandibular teeth, temporomandibular joint, angle, ramus |
| lateral to maxilla "cheekbone". | zygomatic bone |
| tiny orbit bone. lies at medial aspct of the orbit and has small openings into lacrimal duct, which carries tears from the eye to nasal area | lacrimal bone |
| inferior scroll like bones lateral to nasal area | inferior nasal conchae |
| posterior to maxilla portion are two small bones forming 1/4 of hard plate | palatine bones |
| superior to palatines bones within nasal cavity - small wedgle shaped bone. inferior portion of nasal septum | vomer |
| u shaped bone thats not really attached | hyoid bone |
| thicker bones have been hollowed to make skull lighter | paranasal sinuses |
Created by:
la66
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