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Earth Science Ch8

The Universe

QuestionAnswer
telescope an instrument that is used to see things that are far away
satellite an object inspace that circles around another object
a revolution one complete trip around the sun
gravity the force of attraction between two objects
star an object in space that produces its own heat and light
planet a large object that orbits a star but does not give off its own light
inertia the tendancy of a moving object to keep moving in a straight line
constellations patterns formed by stars
asteroids a rock that revolves around the sun and is usually located between Mars and Jupiter.
comet material in space made of a mix of frozen gases, ice , dust and rock
revolution How long it takes the Earth to make one lap around the Sun -- 365.25 days
lunar eclipse the moon moves into the Earth's shadow and is no longer reached by sunlight
solar eclipse when the moon passes directly between the Sun and Earth
moon is a natural satellite that orbits a planet
The pull of gravity depends on what two conditions? Explain. Think tennis ball vs bowling ball gravity depends on the masses of the two objects and the distance between them.
axis an imaginary line between the two poles Without a TILT -- no seasons and = Day/night the climates would be different.
orbit a circular path a planet makes around the sun that is equal to 1 year
What two factors influence the seasons of Earth? the Earth's orbit and tilt
What is the area of the moon where the light from the sun is blocked? the umbra
What is the area of the moon where the light from the sun shows? the penumbra
What are the four main phases of the moon in order? New Moon, First Quarter, Full Moon. and the last Qarter Moon
What is the difference between a Cresent moon and a Gibbous moon? Cresent -- less than 1/2 full Gibbous -- more than 1/2 full
Explain HOW inertia and gravity work? Gravity pulls the Earth towards the Sun and inertia acts to keep Earth moving in a straight line away from the Sun.
Big Bang Theory Theory that the Universe is expanding in ripples in all directions. Something had to occur at the center of the Universe for that to start. This could be where the Big Bang occured.
spiral galaxy a type of galaxy where there is a flat buldge in the middle and is shaped like a pinwheel with two arms.
What are the inner planets made of VS the outer planets? inner -- rock outer -- gases
4 types of stars and description Nebula -- a huge cloud of gas and dust Super Nova -- exploding star White Dwarf -- smaller and very dense star that shines with a cooler white light Red Giant -- many times larger than an original star
Created by: Team 5
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