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CLI's Sem 2 Ex 1
CLI's LECOm Exam 1 Semester 2 OMSII
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ssRNA +ve stranded icosahedral, spherical virus, non-enveloped | Norovirus |
| watery diarrhea, shortened intestinal villi, loss of digestive enzymes. Dx | Norovirus |
| Norovirus uses what enzyme first to replicate? | RNA-dependant RNA polymerase. |
| HIV enveloped or not? | enveloped |
| HIV ss or ds? | ss and diploid |
| HIV RNA or DNA? | RNA |
| HIV shape and capsid? | spherical and icosahedral |
| HIV + or – sense? | + sense (I’m HIV+) |
| What does HIV bind to enter cell? | CD4 cell surface receptor and co-receptors |
| 4 cell types that HIV invades? | CD4+ helper T, monos, dendritic cells, and macrophages |
| What do you detect to Dx HIV? And to follow it? | HIV antibodies, proviral DNA, and p24 antigen. Follow HIV-1 RNA load |
| Where do you see HIV-2? | Africa |
| What enzyme does HIV use for replication, first? | RNA-dependant DNA polymerase **reverse transcriptase. |
| 3 HIV viral genes for structural proteins | gag, pol, env |
| Very small gram negative Hard to culture, mainly Dx by serology | Rickettsiae |
| Likes endothelial cells, needs ATP, CoA, and NAD | Rickettsiae |
| Rickettseae Tx | Tetra-, Doxy-cyclin, chloramphenicol |
| Rickettseae transmitted by | tick, flea, mite, lice |
| Person drinks contaminated milk, develops diarrhea, gram negative gull shaped rod is isolated. Is the organism motile? | yes, polar flagellum |
| What do C.jejuni colonies look like on agar? | water droplettes |
| Special needs to grow C.Jejuni | enriched media, 10%O2, 42*C x 24-72hr |
| Can C.jejuni invade gut mucosa? | yes |
| Anaerobic Pleomorphic gram – rod/coccobacilli, non-motile, non-spore forming | B.fragilis |
| B. fragilis special culture needs | 48hr at 35* grown on blood agar or other anaerobic media |
| Specimen grows on anaerobic media, giving off a foul smell, produces acetate and succinate | b.fragilis |
| Transmitted endogenously from normal gut flora | B. Fragilis |
| Causes Lyme disease | Borelia Burgdorferi |
| Causes relapsing fever | Borrelia Recurrentis |
| Bit by tick, with erythema chronicum migrans erupts Cause? | B. burgdorferi |
| Bit by lice, fever waxes and wanes Cause? | B. recurrentis |
| Stains used to see Borrelia under light microscope | Giemsa or acridine orange |
| Common cause of BV | Gardnerella Vaginalis |
| Gram variable rod, facultatively anaerobic, needs increased CO2 to grow | G. vaginalis |
| Clue cells, with positive whiff test after KOH | G. Vaginalis |
| From bird droppings, hyphae in soil, spores in haled, yeast in body | Histoplasma |
| Dx: Culture on SDA with yeast cells in sputum or lungs | Histoplasma |
| Coiled larva in muscle biopsy, diarrhea, muscle aches, Pt makes own smoked ham | T. spiralis |
| 2-3 nm roundworm | Trichinella Spiralis |
| Pt had brain surgery 30 years ago in Botswana (?), develops neuro Sxs, dies, intracellular vacuoles found in brain on autopsy. Cause | CJD |
| Becca’s BF from the UK develops neurological Sxs as well as everyone in his family who ate the same beef strokemeoff. Dx? | vCJD from bovine spongiform encephalopathy |
| Pathogenesis of prion disease. What does is do? | Deposits altered host-protein |
| 90yo Papua New Guinea warrior w/ neurological Sxs, keeps smiling/laughing and shaking. Dx | Kuru |
Created by:
csheck
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