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Entire Chapter 1
Cells
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How do you find total magnification on a microscope? | Multiply Ocular lens number by objective lens number |
| What is resolution? | how clear an image is |
| What is the purpose of a microscope? (for this chapter) | people discovered cells |
| What are the 3 parts of cell theory? | 1)All living things are made of 1 or more cells 2) Cells are the basic structure and function of living organisms 3) Cells come from existing cells |
| What is the function of the cell membrane? | controls what enters and leaves the cell |
| What are 2 organelles that only are found in plant cells? | cell wall and chloroplast |
| What is the function of the mitochondria? | (produce energy)changes food particles into energy,ATP, for the cell to use |
| What is osmosis? | the movement of water (diffusion) across a cell membrane |
| What is the main function of carbohydrates? | energy source |
| What come together to make proteins? | amino acids |
| What do all organic compounds contain? | carbon |
| What are 3 examples of carbohydrates? | starch, sugar, cellulose |
| What is the function of the nucleus? | control center of the cell; direct all cell activities |
| What is diffusion? | the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without the use of energy |
| What is the function of the ribosomes? | make proteins |
| How are bacterial cells different from plant and animal cells? | They do not have a nucleus. |
| What type of organisms contain specialized cells? | many-celled organisms |
| Why do cells need water? | most chemical reactions in cells require water |
| What is passive transport? | the movement of materials through a cell membrane WITHOUT using the cell's energy |
| What is active transport? | the movement of materials through a cell membrane USING the cell's ENERGY |
| What is the function of enzymes? | enzymes speed up chemical reactions |
| What is the function of the cell wall? | protect and support the cell |
| What type of cells contain a cell membrane? | all cells have a cell membrane |
| What is the function of vacuoles? | store food and other materials |
| What is the function of lysosomes? | break down large food particles into smaller ones |
| What do starches contain? | small sugar molecules combined together to form large molecules |
| What is an element? | a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler form |
| What is a compound? | 2 or more elements chemically combined |
| What type of microscope has 2 or more lenses? | a compound microscope |
| What did Hooke call "tiny rectangular rooms"? | cells |
| What organelle contains genetic material? | chromatin |
| what are 2 examples of nucleic acids? | DNA or RNA |
| What type of passive transport due oxygen molecules use to move across cell membranes? | diffusion |
| What is the function of the golgi body? | package and distribute proteins to other parts of the cell |
| What is the difference between mitochondrion and chloroplasts? | Mitochondrion, found in plant and animal cells, use food to release energy. Chloroplasts, found only in plant cells, use energy to produce food. |
| What happens to a cell in a hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions? | hypertonic - water moves out of cell and cell shrivels like a raisin; hypotonic - water moves in the cell & swells up like a giant O; isotonic - equal amount of water moving in and out of cell at same rate |
Created by:
RMSScience7
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