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kelly flatz
science word lists
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| grain | Tiny, rounded piece of rock. |
| interlocking | When crystals fit together with no gaps between them. |
| mixture | Two or more different kinds of mineral that are not chemically joined to each other. |
| porous | Porous rocks can soak up water. |
| texture | The scientific word used to describe the shapes and sizes of the crystals or grains in a rock. |
| chemical weathering | When rocks are broken up or worn away by chemical reactions, usually with rainwater. |
| precipitate | Insoluble solid produced by mixing two solutions. |
| weathered | Rocks that have been worn away or broken up by chemical, biological or physical processes. |
| biological weathering | When rocks are worn away or broken up due to the activities of living things. For example, growing plant roots can split rocks apart. |
| contract | Get smaller. |
| erosion | The movement of loose and weathered rock. |
| freeze-thaw action | A type of physical weathering that happens when water gets into a crack in a rock and freezes. The freezing water expands and makes the crack bigger. |
| physical change | A change that does not involve new chemicals. Melting and freezing are samples of physical changes. |
| physical weathering | When rocks are worn away or broken up by physical processes such as changes in temperature. |
| abrasion | When rock fragments bump into each other and wear away. |
| deposits | When moving water drops rock fragments or grains. |
| sediment | Rock grains and fragments dropped on the bottom of a river, lake or sea. |
| coal | A fossil fuel made from the remains of plants. |
| extinct | A species that no longer exists. |
| humus | Rotting organisms (especially leaves) which form part of the soil. |
| loam | A good soil containing both clay and sand particles. |
| natural gas | Fossil fuel formed from the remains of dead plants and animals that lived in the sea. |
| oil | Fossil fuel formed from the remains of dead plants and animals that lived in the sea. |
| cementation | A process in which water is squeezed out of the spaces between pieces of rock leaving mineral salts behind which stick (cement) the rock pieces together. |
| cemented | Something that has been stuck together. |
| chalk | Soft white or grey rock formed from the shells of small sea animals. |
| compaction | When layers of sediment or rock are squashed by the weight of sediment above them. |
| deposits | When moving water drops rock fragments or grains. |
| fossil | The remains of a dead animal or plant that became trapped in layers of sediment and turned into rock. |
| minerals | The chemicals that rocks are made from. |
| sandstone | A sedimentary rock made from rounded grains of sand. |
| sediment | Rock grains and fragments dropped on the bottom of a river, lake or sea. |
| sedimentary rock | Rock formed from layers of sediment. |
| shale | A sedimentary rock |
| transport | The movement of rock grains and fragments by wind or water. |
| weathered | Rocks that have been worn away or broken up by chemical, biological or physical processes. |
| limestone | A sedimentary rock made from the shells of dead sea creatures. |
| oolite | A type of limestone formed when water evaporates and leaves calcium carbonate behind. |
| marble | A metamorphic rock formed from limestone. |
| metamorphic | A word meaning ‘changed’. |
| metamorphic rocks | Rocks that have been formed by changing igneous or sedimentary rocks. |
| mudstone | A sedimentary rock made from mud. |
| quartzite | A metamorphic rock formed from sandstone. |
| slate | A metamorphic rock with tiny crystals, formed from mudstone. |
| basalt | An igneous rock with very tiny crystals. |
| bonds | Forces holding particles together. |
| crust | The solid rocks at the surface of the Earth. |
| crystal | Piece of mineral with sharp edges. |
| granite | An igneous rock with large crystals. |
| igneous rock | A rock formed when magma or lava cooled down and solidified. |
| lava | Molten rock that runs out of volcanoes. |
| magma | Molten rock beneath the surface of the Earth. |
| mantle | The part of the Earth below the crust. |
| particles | The tiny pieces that everything is made out of. |
| volcano | A place where lava flows out of the Earth. |
| plate | The Earth’s crust is made of a series of tectonic plates. |
| plate tectonics | The theory that the Earth’s crust is made of a series of moving plates. |
| rock cycle | All the processes which form sedimentary igneous and metamorphic rocks linked together. |
Created by:
kellyflatz
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