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jaisyjai

QuestionAnswer
Crystals Pieces of a mineral with sharp edges.
Grain Tiny, rounded piece of rock.
Interlocking When crystals fit together with no gaps between them.
Minerals The chemicals that rocks are made from.
Mixture Two or more different kinds of mineral that are not chemically joined to each other.
Porous Porous rocks can soak up water.
Texture The scientific word used to describe the shapes and sizes of the crystals or grains in a rock.
Chemical weathering When rocks are broken up or worn away by chemical reactions, usually with rainwater.
Precipitate Insoluble solid produced by mixing two solutions.
Weathered Rocks that have been worn away or broken up by chemical, biological or physical processes.
Biological weathering When rocks are worn away or broken up due to the activities of living things. For example, growing plant roots can split rocks apart.
Contract Get smaller.
Erosion The movement of loose and weathered rock.
Expand Get bigger.
Freeze thaw action
Physical change A change that does not involve new chemicals. Melting and freezing are samples of physical changes.
Physical weathering When rocks are worn away or broken up by physical processes such as changes in temperature
Abrasion When rock fragments bump into each other and wear away.
Deposits When moving water drops rock fragments or grains.
Sediment Rock grains and fragments dropped on the bottom of a river, lake or sea.
Transport The movement of rock grains and fragments by wind or water.
Coal A fossil fuel made from the remains of plants.
Extinct A species that no longer exists.
Fossils Any sign of past life that has been preserved in a rock.
Humus Rotting organisms (especially leaves) which form part of the soil.
Loam A good soil containing both clay and sand particles.
Natural gas Fossil fuel formed from the remains of dead plants and animals that lived in the sea.
Oil Fossil fuel formed from the remains of dead plants and animals that lived in the sea.
Salts Chemicals from rocks that have dissolved in water.
Cementation A process in which water is squeezed out of the spaces between pieces of rock leaving mineral salts behind which stick (cement) the rock pieces together.
Cemented Something that has been stuck together.
Chalk Soft white or grey rock formed from the shells of small sea animals.
Compaction When layers of sediment or rock are squashed by the weight of sediment above them.
Deposits When moving water drops rock fragments or grains.
Fossil The remains of a dead animal or plant that became trapped in layers of sediment and turned into rock.
Grain Tiny, rounded piece of rock
Limestone A sedimentary rock made from the shells of dead sea creatures consisting mainly of calcium carbonate.
Minerals The chemicals that rocks are made from.
Porous Porous rocks can soak up water
Sandstone A sedimentary rock made from rounded grains of sand.
Sediment Rock grains and fragments dropped on the bottom of a river, lake or sea.
Sedimentary rock Rock formed from layers of sediment.
Shale A sedimentary rock
Transport The movement of rock grains and fragments by wind or water.
Weathered Rocks that have been worn away or broken up by chemical, biological or physical processes.
Carbonate rich
Chalk Soft white or grey rock formed from the shells of small sea animals.
Fossil Any sign of past life that has been preserved in a rock.
Limestone A sedimentary rock made from the shells of dead, sea creatures.
Oolite A type of limestone formed when water evaporates and leaves calcium carbonate behind.
Limestone A sedimentary rock made from the shells of dead sea creatures.
Magma Molten rock beneath the surface of the Earth.
Marble A metamorphic rock formed from limestone.
Metamorphic A word meaning ‘changed’.
Metamorphic rocks Rocks that have been formed by changing igneous or sedimentary rocks.
Mudstone A sedimentary rock made from mud.
Quartzite A metamorphic rock formed from sandstone.
Sandstone A sedimentary rock made from rounded grains of sand.
Slate A metamorphic rock with tiny crystals, formed from mudstone.
Basalt An igneous rock with very tiny crystals.
Bonds Forces holding particles together.
Crust The solid rocks at the surface of the Earth.
Crystal Piece of mineral with sharp edges.
Granite An igneous rock with large crystals.
Igneous rock A rock formed when magma or lava cooled down and solidified.
Lava Molten rock that runs out of volcanoes.
Magma Molten rock beneath the surface of the Earth.
Mantle The part of the Earth below the crust.
Particles The tiny pieces that everything is made out of.
Volcano A place where lava flows out of the Earth.
Plate The Earth’s crust is made of a series of tectonic plates.
Plate tectonics The theory that the Earth’s crust is made of a series of moving plates.
Rock cycle All the processes which form sedimentary igneous and metamorphic rocks linked together.
Created by: jaisyjai
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