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Biology ch.9

QuestionAnswer
process in which a single cell or set of cells produces offspring that inherit all their genetic material from one parent asexual reproduction
process in which genetic material from 2 parents combines and produces offspring that differ genetically from either parent sexual reproduction
combination of DNA and protein molecules, in the form of long, thin fibers, making up the genetic material in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell chromatin
condensed threads of genetic material formed from chromatin as a cell prepares to divide chromosome
one of a pair of identical chromosomes created before a cell divides sister chromatin
region where two sister chromatins are joined tightly together centromere
sequence of events from the production of a eukaryotic cell to the time the cell itself reproduces cell cycle
stage of the cell cycle during which a cell carries out its metabolic processes and performs its functions in the body iterphase
stage of the cell cycle when a cell is actively dividing mitotic phase
process by which the nucleus and duplicated chromosomes of a cell divide and are evenly distributed, forming two daughter nuclei mitosis
process by which the cytoplasm of a cell is divided in 2 cytokinesis
framework of microtubules that guide the movement of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis spindle
region of cytoplasmic material that in animal cells contain structures called centrioles centrosome
first stage of mitosis and of meiosis 1 and 2, when the already replicated chromosomes condense prophase
second stage of mitosis and of meiosis 1 and 2 when the spindle is fully formed and all of the chromosomes are held in place metaphase
third phase of mitosis and meiosis 1 and 2, i which the sister chromatins separate and move toward the poles of the spindle anaphase
final stage of mitosis and of meiosis 1 and 2, in which the chromosomes reach the spindle poles, nuclear envelopes form around each set of daughter chromosomes, and the nucleoli reappear telophase
disk containing cell wall material and eventually divides in 2 cell plate
an abnormal mass of essentially normal cells benign tumor
a mass of cells that result from the reproduction of cancer cells malignant tumor
a disease caused by the severe disruption of the mechanisms that normally control the cell cycle cancer
the spread of cancer cells metastasis
a type of cell division that produces four cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell meiosis
a display of the 46 chromosomes of an individual karyotype
the 2 chromosomes of each matching pair homologous chromosomes
the 23rd pair of chromosomes that determines the person's sex sex chromosomes
human cells that contain 2 homologous sets of chromosomes diploid
sex cells gametes
a cell with a single set of chromosomes haploid
the fusion of the nulclei along with the cytoplasm from the gametes fertilization
a resulting fertilized egg zygote
paired chromosomes, now contained of 4 chromatins tetrads
the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes crossing over
a process that comes after crossing over in which produces a single chromosome that contains a new combination of genetic information from different parents genetic recombination
Created by: 100000942730592
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