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Cells & Tissues
Cartilage
| Questions | Answers |
|---|---|
| Q: What are the three types of cartilage? | A: Hyaline, Elastic, and Fibrocartilage |
| Q: What makes cartilage distinct from other connective tissue. | A: Cartilage lacks nerve endings and lymphatics. Cartilage is also avascular. |
| Q: What type of cells would you find in cartilage? | A: Chondroblasts and chondrocytes |
| Q: What is the function of chondroblasts and chondrocytes? | A: Both chondroblasts and chondrocytes secrete fibers and matrix. |
| Q: What do chondroblasts secrete? | A: Chondroblasts secrete both type I and type II collagen as well as elastin fibers (the ECM of cartilage). |
| Q: What do chondrocytes secrete? | A: Chondrocytes secrete both type I and type II collagen as well as elastin fibers. |
| Q: What is the most abundant type of cartilage? | A: Hyaline cartilage is the most abundant type of cartilage. |
| Q: What type of cartilage would you find in a synovial joint? | A: Hyaline cartilage |
| Q: Where would you find hyaline cartilage? | A: You find hyaline cartilage in the fetal skeleton, respiratory ducts (trachii), costal cartilage, epiphyseal plates of growing long bones, and of course synovial joints. |
| Q: Does hyaline cartilage have a perichondrium? | A: Yes. The perichondrium of hyaline cartilage is composed of dense irregular CT surrounding the cartilage, a fibrous outer layer of fibroblasts and type I collagen, and an inner layer (Condrogenic zone of growing cartilage) of condroblasts. |
| Q: Where would you find chondroblasts? | A: Chondroblasts reside in lacunae and can be found on the periphery of cartilage in the chondrogenic zone. Remember chondroblasts can secrete the ECM of cartilage. |
| Q: What are chondrocytes derived from? | A: Chondrocytes are derived from chondroblasts. |
| Q: What is the function of chondrocytes? | A: Chondrocytes reside in lacunae and maintain the martix of mature cartilage. |
| Q: What type of fibers would you find in the matrix of hyaline cartilage? | A: Type II collagen. Type II collagen is found in the matrix of both hyaline and elastic cartilage. |
| Q: What type of fibers would you find in the matrix of elastic cartilage? | A: Type II collagen. Type II collagen is found in the matrix of both hyaline and elastic cartilage. |
| Q: Where would you find the territorial matrix? | A: The territorial matrix is found in hyaline cartilage immediately surounding chondrocytes. It is rich in GAGs and poor in collagen. |
| Q: Where would you find the interterritorial matrix? | A: The interterritorial matrix is found in hyaline cartilage away from chondrocytes. It is rich in collagen. |
| Q: Hyaline cartilage is avascular, so where does it get its nutrients? | A: Hyaline cartilage gets its nutrients by diffusion from the perichondrium except on articular surfaces where it requires movement of the joint to get nutrients from synovial fluid. |
| Q: What is elastic cartilage composed of? | A: Elastic cartilage is made up of elastic fibers and type II collagen. |
| Q: Where would you find elastic cartilage? | A: Elastic cartilage can be found in the external ear, eustachian tube, and the epiglottis. |
| Q: What is the only type of cartilage that contains type I collagen? | A: Fibrocartilage. |
| Q: Where would you find fibrocartilage? | A: You would find fibrocartilage in the IVDs, symphysis pubis, menisci of the knee, labrum of glenohumeral and coxofemoral joints, and in the joint surfaces and disc of the TMJ. |
| Q: True or false; A perichondrium surrounds all types of cartilage. | A: False! Fibrocartilage has no perichondrium. |
| Q: Cartilage grows by what type of growth? | A: Cartilage grows by both appositional AND interstitial growth. |
| Q: What type of cartilage growth is only possible with perichondrium? | A: Appositional growth of cartilage is only possible with perichondrium. |
| Q: Describe interstitial growth. | A: Interstitial growth of cartilage is the division of chondrocytes within the matrix. It happens only during early growth of most cartilage and is important in epiphyseal plates and articular cartilage. |
| Q: Describe appositional growth. | A: Appositional growth is the addition of new cartilage cells from differentiation of chondroblasts in the chondrogenic zone of perichondrium. |
| Q: What type of cartilage can grow by interstitial growth? | A: All cartilage can grow by interstitial growth: hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage. |
| Q: True or false. The extracellular matrix of cartilage has a rich supply of capillaries. | A: False. Cartilage is avascular. |
| Q: Which stains darker, territorial matrix or interterritorial matrix? | A: Both stain basophilic but the territorial matrix stains darker. |
| Q: What type of collagen is found in the extracellular matrix of cartilage? | A: Type I and type II collagen can both be found in the ECM of cartilage. |
Created by:
SquallKing
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