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Chapter 7

Heat Inside Earth

QuestionAnswer
seismic waves vibrations that travel through Earth and are caused by events like earthquakes or human-made blasts.
seismologist a scientist who detects and interprets seismic waves.
disturbance a movement that begins in one location and sets things in motion farther away.
P-waves seismic waves that move with a forward-and-backward motion; these are faster than S-waves.
S-waves seismic waaves that move with a side-to-side motion and are slower than P-waves.
crust the outermost surface of Earth.
mantle the warm, flowing, solid layer of Earth between the crust and the core.
lithosphere a layer of Earth that includes the crust and upper mantle.
core the center of Earth; it is divided into the inner core and the outer core.
Because of the enormous pressure, the inner core is a solid.
The center of Earth is referred to as the core.
Continental crust is approximately how thick? 30 km
The oceanic crust is approximately how thick? 5 km
The layer of Earth between the crust and the core is the mantle.
As you move from the surface of Earth to the inner core, what happens to the temperature? It increases.
Oceanic crust is composed mainly of which type of rock? Basalt
Continental crust is primarily composed of which rock? Granite
Less buoyant, denser materials have settled closer to which layer of Earth? Core
Which two elements are common on Earth's surface? Aluminum and Silicon
Mountain ranges on the continental crust cause the crust to push down into the mantle.
Earth's magnetic field originates in the outer core.
The continental crust floats lower/higher in the mantle than the oceanic crust. higher
The place within Earth where an earthquake originates is called the epicenter.
S-waves travel slower/faster than P-waves. slower
Scientist were able to realize that the outer core of Earth is liquid by observing S-waves.
The outermost layer of Earth's surface is called the crust.
The layer of Earth that consists of the crust and part of the lower mantle. aesthenosphere
What is the correct order of the layers of Earth from warmest to coolest? core, mantle, crust
What is the distance from Earth's surface to its center? 6400 km
What is the layer of Earth between the crust and the core? mantle
What are the 3 things seismic tomography uses to create 3D images of Earth's interior? computers, seismic waves, and electronic earthquake detectors
Due to the extreme pressure, the inner core is a solid.
Earth's magnetic field is generated by powerful electric waves in the outer core.
As you move from the surface of Earth to the inner core, the temperature and the density increases.
S-waves are NOT able to pass through liquid.
P-waves are able to travel through liquids, solids, and gases.
If a large glacier located on the continental crust were to melt away, it would cause the crust to float higher above the mantle.
Created by: loving5
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