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Ch5 Test Homeostasis
2/6/12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Passsive transport | does not require energy from the cell when a substance is going from high to low concentration |
| active transport | movement of a substance against it's concentration gradient. is going from high to low concentration and requires energy |
| concentration gradient | the difference in the concentration of molecules across a space |
| equilibrium | concentration of molecules is equal throughout a space |
| diffusion | movement of a substacne down the substance's concentration gradient. When it spreads through a liquid or gas from high to low concentration. |
| osmosis | diffusion of water through a membrane |
| hypertonic soulution | causes a cell to shrink because of osmosis. concentration higher outside than concentration in cytosol. |
| hypotonic solution | causes a cell to swell because of osmosis.conentration of solute outide is lower than the concentrationin the cytosol. |
| isotonic solution | concentration of both solutions is equal. |
| ion channel | transport protein through which ions can pass |
| carrier protein | protein used to transport specific substances across a cell membrane.assist molecules across by binding to the molecule which changes the shape which allows the molecule to pass through. |
| facilitated diffusion | passive transport using carrier proteins. process used when molecules cannot diffuse rapidly acoss the membrane, even with a concentration gradient. |
| sodium-potassium pump | an example of a cell membrane pump |
| endocytosis | movement of a substance by a vesicle to the inside of a cell. cells ingest external fluid , macromolecules and other large particles |
| exocytosis | movement of a substance by a vesicle to the outside of a cell.When cells use energy to expel large particles |
| vesicle | organelle that fuses with lysosomes in order that contents can be digested |
| contractile vacuole | organelle that pumps water out of the cell |
| kinetic | energy that drives diffusion |
| plasmolysis | plant cells wilting due to a lose of water through osmosis |
| turgor pressure | produced by water pushing outward against the cell wall of plants |
| pinocytosis | cell drinking. transports fluids. |
| ion channels | how charged particles like Na+ and K+ move across the membrane |
| cytolysis | cells bursting from excess water pressure inside them |
| carrier proteins | proteins used during facilitated diffusion |
| phagocytosis | cell eating. when large particles are engulfed |
| crenation | animal version of plasmolysis |
Created by:
RisaS
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