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2/8 quiz LEC
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 3 Characteristics of enzymes | 1. Specific 2. small changes 3. operate in sequence (metabolic pathways) |
| enzyme specificity determined by | 3D shape of enzyme |
| metabolic pathway | sequence of enzyme operation |
| 2 examples of End Products of Metabolism (cholesterol) | 1.Vitamin D 2.Testosterone |
| ending usually denotes an enzyme | -ase |
| enzymes are named according to 2 things | 1. substrate attacked 2. reaction type (what it does) |
| hydrase | adds H2O |
| dehydrase | takes away H2O & adds a P |
| definition of energy | capacity to do work |
| energy can be measured by | joules |
| define calorie | heat needed to raise 1g water 1°C |
| define Calorie (kcal) | heat needed to raise 1000g water 1°C |
| type of calorie assumed by grocers | Calorie (kcal) |
| define Phosphorylation | addition of a P to a chemical |
| What type of reaction is ADP + P + energy --> ATP | Phosphorylation example |
| amount of energy needed for Phosphorylation | 7 kcal |
| Why are oxidation reduction reactions important? | important because many release large quantities of energy (at least 7kcal) |
| reduction reactions that happen simultaneously | oxidation & reduction happen |
| oxidation | loss of electron |
| reduction | gain of electron |
| while one substance is being reduced | while another substance is being oxidized |
| what type of reaction and why is it important? Fe+2 --> 1e- + Fe+3 | oxidation reaction is important b/c releases energy (large amt) & puts into ATP form |
| what type of reaction? Fe+3 + 1e- --> Fe+2 | Reduction reaction example |
| A-P~P~P | ATP |
| A-P~P | ADP |
| A-P | AMP |
| A-P~P + ~ + P --> | results in A-P~P~P |
| energy required to convert ATP/ADP/AMP is called | is called work |
| anaerobic | No O2 |
| Process that with anaerobic advantage | Gycolysis |
| Glycolysis takes place in the | takes place in the cytoplasm |
| Glycolysis uses | uses 2 ATP |
| 3 things about gycolysis | 1. 2 ATP 2. anaerobic 3. cytoplasm |
| 1g carb = | = 4kcal |
| 1g protein = | = 4 kcal |
| 1g fat = | = 9 kcal |
| carbohydrate metabolism uses | fats, carbs, proteins |
| used primarily for energy | glucose catabolism |
| how may steps are in glucose catabolism | 19 enzymes/steps |
| glucose catabolism creates | byproducts and 686 kcal |
| 686 kcal from glucose catabolism is used for | 262 kcal ATP and 420 kcal heat to keep body warm |
| pyruvic acid is reduced to ______ in humans | lactic acid |
| pyruvic acid is reduced to ______ in yeast | ethyl alcohol |
| pyruvic acid is reduced to ______ in other organcic molecules | Fermentation |
| lactic acid, ethyl alcohol, Fermentation | are anaerobic |
| intermediate step only happens if | only happens if O2 is present |
| lose carbon | decarboxylation |
| another name for krebs cycle | citric acid cycle |
| krebs cycle happens in | happens in mitochondrion matrix |
| 3 phases of glycolysis | 1. Glucose 6P 2. Glyceraldehyde 3P 3. Pyruvic Acid |
| excess Acetyl CoA is called | is called Ketone Bodies |
| example of ketone acid (1 of 2) | acetone |
| excess ketone bodies can lead to | can lead to ketosis and acidosis(comma) |
Created by:
la66
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