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Biology; Cells
Cells; plant and animal
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Present in animal cells not plant cells. | Centrioles and sometimes lysosomes |
| Present in plant cells not animal cells. | Chloroplasts and a Cell wall |
| What does a cell wall provide for the plant cell that animal cells dont need? | Support |
| What is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? | Prokaryotes: no nucleus; generally smaller in size; only contain ribosomes, DNA, cell membrane and cell wall; usually have flagellum; cylinder shaped Eukaryotes; more complex organelles; has nucleus |
| Where is the DNA in a prokaryote? | Througout the cytoplasm |
| What contains the DNA in a eukaryote? | The Nucleus |
| What do vacuoles and vesicles do? | Store materials used by the cell |
| What do Lysosomes do and what type of cell are they found in? | They break down and recycle macromolecules in an animal cell |
| What is the cytoskeleton? | It mantains the cell's shape and helps the cell move |
| What process do the centrioles take part in? | Cell division; they are located near the nucleus; they replicate and divide |
| What do ribosomes do? | Synthesize proteins |
| What does the ER do? | Assembles proteins and lipids |
| What does the golgi apparatus do? | Modifies, sorts and packages proteins and lipids for storage or for trasportation out of the cell |
| What do the chloroplasts do? | Convert solar energy into chemical energy into glucose for the cell to use (Photosynthesis; only in plant cells because they are autotrophic) |
| What do midochondria do? | Convert chemical energy in 'food' to usable compounds for the cell |
| What is the purpose of the cell wall? | To give the cell shape; like bricks for a strong structure of the plant; protects the cell |
| What is the purpose of the cell membrane? | It regulates materials entering and leaving the cell; also protects and supports the cell |
| What are microfilaments? | They are threadlike structures made up of actin; they produce a tough flexible frame that supports the cell; they help the cell move |
| What are microtubules or centrosomes? | Hollow structures made up of tubulins; they help maintain the cell's shape; help build cilia and flagella to move the cell; |
| Smooth ER vs. Rough ER | Smooth: enzymes that synthesize lipids; no ribosomes Rough: synthesize proteins; contain ribosomes; proteins that are made are ones that will be released from the cell; is in cells that produce proteins that are made for exportation |
| Where do the proteins made on ribosomes start and what is the cycle? | 1: start on ribosomes 2: go through rough ER 3: go to the golgi apparatus in vesicles 4: golgi puts the finishing touches on the proteins before they are distributed 5: secretory vesicles release the proteins from the cell or carry them into the cell |
| What is the nucleolus? | It is a structure in the nucleus which produces ribosomes |
| What is the cytoplasm? | Everything sourounding the organelles within the cell; holds everything together; mostly water with some proteins that control the metabolism |
Created by:
AlyssaDuckart
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