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science/flashcards

voc - chapter 8 section 1 & 2

QuestionAnswer
Weathering a process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth's surface
erosion the removal of rock particles by wind, water, ice or gravity
unifomitarianism principle states - that the same process that operated today operated in the past.
mechanical weathering type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces
abrasion refers to the grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by water, ice, wind or gravity
ice wedging wedges of ice in rocks widen and deepen cracks
chemical weathering the process that breaks down rock through chemical changes
oxidation chemical change when combined with oxygen - when iron oxidizes it turns to rust
permeable material full of tiny connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it.
soil loose weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants grow
bedrock solid layer of rock beneath the soil
humus a dark - colored substance that forms a s plant and animal remains decay.
fertility how well the soil supports plant growth
loam soil that is made up of equal parts of clay, sand and silt
soil horizon a layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above or below it
topsoil (A Horizon) - a crumbly, dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus, clay and other minerals
subsoil (B Horizon) - usually consists of clay and other particles washed down from the Ahorizon, but little humus
litter loose layer of dead plant leaves and stems on the surface of the soil
decomposer soil organism that breaks down the remains of organisms and digest them
Created by: dellisposthaste
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