Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
BIO110 Exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is science? | an intellectual activity, encompassing observation, description, experimentation, and explanation of natural phenomena |
| What is biology? | the study of living things |
| What are the steps of the scientific method? | 1) Make observations 2) Formulate a hypothesis 3) Devise a testable prediction 4) Conduct a critical experiment 5) Draw conclusions and make revisions |
| What is a hypothesis? | a proposed explanation for observed phenomena |
| What is a theory? | an explanatory hypothesis for natural phenomena that is exceptionally well supported by the empirical data |
| What are the levels of organization in order? | Atoms-Molecules-Organelles-Cells-Tissues-Organs-Organ Systems-Organisms-Population-Community-Ecosystem-Biome-Biosphere |
| What is a biome? | characterized by climate and inhabitants |
| What is the biosphere? | all the life on the planet |
| What is natural selection? | differential reproductive success; successful genes are inherited by the offspring of those who life to reproduce |
| What is an atom? | smallest piece of a substance/element that still exhibits the properties of that substance/element; protons, neutrons, & elections |
| What are the subatomic particles? | protons, neutrons, & electrons |
| Describe the reactivity/stability of atoms. | atoms will be reactive if outer shell is NOT full; atoms will be stable if outer shell IS full |
| How do charges change based on gaining/losing electrons? | gain electron-->negative charge lose electron-->positive charge |
| What are most living things made of? | S,P,O,N,C,H |
| What is an ion? | an ion is a charged atom |
| What is an ionic bond? | atoms bond together based on attraction of opposite charges; weak |
| What is a covalent bond? | chemical bond based on the SHARING of outer shell electrons; stronger |
| What is a molecule? | groups of atoms held together by bonds |
| What are some properties of water? | absorb heat, steady as a liquid, holds heat, evaporation has cooling effect (sweat), solubility-->reactivity, water as frozen state expands & atoms slow down |
| What is pH? | measure of hydrogen ions/number of protons (H+) in a solution |
| What is the pH scale? | 0-14; 7=neutral; lower pH=more H+ ions/less -OH; higher pH=low H+/high -OH |
| What are the four major categories of biological macromolecules? | Carbohydrates, Lipids, Nucleic Acids, & Proteins |
| What are the atoms in carbs? | C,H,O (1:2:1) |
| What is the monomer for carbs? | monosaccaride (simple sugar) (x2=disaccharide, more=polysaccaride) |
| What are the atoms in lipids? | C,H,O (but very little oxygen) |
| What is the monomer for lipids? | fatty acids |
| What are some properties of lipids? | non-polar, hydrophobic (water-fearing), long-lasting, functions: energy, structure, regulation, & insulation |
| What are the differences between saturated & unsaturated fats? | saturated: no double bonds; solid at room temp. unsaturated: 1 or more double bonds, liquid at room temp. (ex:oils) |
| What are trans fats? | re-arranged or re-saturated; H in different orientation=isomer |
| What are some types of lipids? | Fats, Steroids, Cholesterol, & Phospholipids |
| What are the structures of steroids & cholesterol? | steroids: ring structure--4 rings cholesterol: same as steroids but with an addon |
| What atoms are in proteins? | C, H, O, & N (sometimes S) Proteins are the most abundant & most important for cellular structure and function. |
| What are the monomers of proteins? | amino acids (20 basic types) [amino group, carboxyl group, & side chain] |
| What is a poly peptide? | a chain of amino acids |
| What are the levels of protein structure? | 1) Primary 2) Secondary (beta=pleated sheets; alpha=helices) 3) Tertiary (single polypeptide & final stage for single polypep.) 4) Quaternary (2 or more polypeptides) |
| What are protein functions? | structure, protection, regulation, movement, transport |
| What atoms are in nucleic acids? | C, H, O, P, N |
| What are the monomers of nucleic acids? | nucleotides (has suger, phosphate, & nitrogenous base) |
| Explain DNA. | deoxyribonucleic acid; sugar: deoxyribose; bases: A, G, C, T; double stranded helix |
| Explain RNA. | ribonucleic acid; sugar: ribose; bases: A, G, C, U; single stranded shorter strands |
| What is a gene? | a stretch of DNA that codes for a protein |
| What is transcription & translation? | transcription: DNA-->RNA translation: RNA--> protein |
| What is mRNA? | messenger RNA (carries info out of cell) |
| What is rRNA? | ribosomal RNA (makes up ribosomes, machines that make proteins) |
| What is tRNA? | transfer RNA (bring the part (amino acids) to the site of protein synthesis (ribosomes)) |
| What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? | Prokaryotic: smaller & no nucleus Eukaryotic: membrane bound nucleus, houses DNA |
Created by:
amay322
Popular Biology sets